Thorny ganglion cells in marmoset retina: Morphological and neurochemical characterization with antibodies against calretinin

Chandra, Ashleigh J.; Lee, Sammy

doi:10.1002/cne.24319

Cited by 11 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…The potential cross-reactivity of the rabbit calbindin antiserum with calretinin could explain the fact that in marmoset we found ganglion cells among the injected cells when the antiserum was used at a higher concentration. In favor of this hypothesis, the injected ganglion cells resembled previously identified calretinin expressing thorny ganglion cells (Chandra et al, 2017). Likewise, the fact that in marmoset ON ChAT cells were labeled with the rabbit calbindin antiserum but not the mouse calbindin antibody may be explained by cross-reactivity, if one assumes that marmoset ON ChAT cells express calretinin but not calbindin.…”

Section: Antibody Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…In contrast, in mouse retina, calbindin-positive cells include a variety of ganglion cell types and make up about 20% of the ganglion cell population (Gu et al, 2016). Species-related differences in the expression of calcium-binding proteins by ganglion cells have been observed previously, e.g., in human retina, calretinin is expressed by two populations of bistratified ganglion cells (Lee et al, 2016), whereas in marmoset calretinin is expressed by thorny ganglion cells (Chandra et al, 2017). Whether these differences are correlated with functional differences will need to be determined.…”

Section: Calbindin Immunoreactivity In Ganglion Cellsmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…These cells, however, had only weakly calbindin-positive somas and thus these cells may be subject of some cross-reactivity of the calbindin antibody with calretinin. Calretinin is known to be present in broad and narrow ganglion cell types of marmoset retina (Chandra et al, 2017).…”

Section: Calbindin-immunoreactive Cells In Marmoset Retinamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Melanopsin and calbindin immunoreactivity in the inner retina of humans and marmosets

2019

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In primate retina, the calcium-binding protein calbindin is expressed by a variety of neurons including cones, bipolar cells, and amacrine cells but it is not known which type(s) of cell express calbindin in the ganglion cell layer. The present study aimed to identify calbindin-positive cell type(s) in the amacrine and ganglion cell layer of human and marmoset retina using immunohistochemical markers for ganglion cells (RBPMS and melanopsin) and cholinergic amacrine (ChAT) cells. Intracellular injections following immunolabeling was used to reveal the morphology of calbindin-positive cells. In human retina, calbindin-labeled cells in the ganglion cell layer were identified as inner and outer stratifying melanopsin-expressing ganglion cells, and ON ChAT (starburst amacrine) cells. In marmoset, calbindin immunoreactivity in the ganglion cell layer was absent from ganglion cells but present in ON ChAT cells. In the inner nuclear layer of human retina, calbindin was found in melanopsin-expressing displaced ganglion cells and in at least two populations of amacrine cells including about a quarter of the OFF ChAT cells. In marmoset, a very low proportion of OFF ChAT cells was calbindin-positive. These results suggest that in both species there may be two types of OFF ChAT cells. Consistent with previous studies, the ratio of ON to OFF ChAT cells was about 70 to 30 in human and 30 to 70 in marmoset. Our results show that there are species-related differences between different primates with respect to the expression of calbindin.

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Section: Antibody Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 59%

Section: Calbindin Immunoreactivity In Ganglion Cellsmentioning

confidence: 85%

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Melanopsin and calbindin immunoreactivity in the inner retina of humans and marmosets

2019

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“…In marmoset retina, the large majority of Satb2 expressing ganglion cells were classified as broad thorny cells (Figure 14(a)). Broad thorny as well as narrow thorny cells in marmoset retina have previously been shown to express the calcium binding protein calretinin (Chandra et al, 2017) suggesting that calretinin and Satb2 are co‐expressed in a population of ganglion cells. Thus, we processed a piece of marmoset retina with antibodies against Satb2 (mouse), calretinin, and RBPMS (Figure 18).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of retinal ganglion cell types expressing the transcription factor Satb2 in three primate species

2021

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In primates, the retinal ganglion cells contributing to high acuity spatial vision (midget cells and parasol cells), and blue‐yellow color vision (small bistratified cells) are well understood. Many other ganglion cell types with large dendritic fields (named wide‐field ganglion cells) have been identified, but their spatial density and distribution are largely unknown. Here we took advantage of the recently established molecular diversity of ganglion cells to study wide‐field ganglion cell populations in three primate species. We used antibodies against the transcription factor Special AT‐rich binding protein 2 (Satb2) to explore its expression in macaque (Macaca fascicularis, M. nemestrina), human and marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) retinas. In all three species, Satb2 cells make up a low proportion (1.5–4%) of the ganglion cell population, with a slight increase from central to peripheral retina. Intracellular dye injections revealed that in macaque and human retinas, the large majority (over 80%) of Satb2 cells are inner and outer stratifying large sparse cells. By contrast, in marmoset retina the majority (over 60%) of Satb2 expressing cells were broad thorny cells, with smaller proportions of recursive bistratified (putative direction‐selective), large bistratified, and outer stratifying narrow thorny cells. Our findings imply that Satb2 expression has undergone rapid species specific adaptations during primate evolution, because expression is not conserved across Old World (macaque, human) and New World (marmoset) suborders.

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“…As discussed in that study, the different types can be distinguished based on their dendritic field size, morphology, and stratification in the inner plexiform layer. Briefly, broad thorny cells have a dense dendritic tree and stratify broadly in the inner plexiform layer; narrow thorny cells stratify narrowly in either ON or OFF sublamina (see also Chandra, Lee, & Grünert, ), whereas large bistratified cells have sparse dendritic trees stratifying in both ON and OFF sublamina. Based on these criteria we found that both PIm, as well as SC injections, revealed a variety of widefield retinal ganglion morphological cell types.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unravelling the subcortical and retinal circuitry of the primate inferior pulvinar

Kwan

Mundinano

Souza

et al. 2018

J of Comparative Neurology

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The primate visual brain possesses a myriad of pathways, whereby visual information originating at the retina is transmitted to multiple subcortical areas in parallel, before being relayed onto the visual cortex. The dominant retinogeniculostriate pathway has been an area of extensive study, and Vivien Casagrande's work in examining the once overlooked koniocellular pathway of the lateral geniculate nucleus has generated interest in how alternate subcortical pathways can contribute to visual perception. Another subcortical visual relay center is the inferior pulvinar (PI), which has four subdivisions and numerous connections with other subcortical and cortical areas and is directly recipient of retinal afferents. The complexity of subcortical connections associated with the PI subdivisions has led to differing results from various groups. A particular challenge in determining the exact connectivity pattern has been in accurately targeting the subdivisions of the PI with neural tracers. Therefore, in the present study, we used a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided stereotaxic injection system to inject bidirectional tracers in the separate subdivisions of the PI, the superior layers of the superior colliculus, the retina, and the lateral geniculate nucleus. Our results have determined for the first time that the medial inferior pulvinar (PIm) is innervated by widefield retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), and this pathway is not a collateral branch of the geniculate and collicular projecting RGCs. Furthermore, our tracing data shows no evidence of collicular terminations in the PIm, which are confined to the centromedial and posterior PI.

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Thorny ganglion cells in marmoset retina: Morphological and neurochemical characterization with antibodies against calretinin

Cited by 11 publications

References 63 publications

Melanopsin and calbindin immunoreactivity in the inner retina of humans and marmosets

Melanopsin and calbindin immunoreactivity in the inner retina of humans and marmosets

Identification of retinal ganglion cell types expressing the transcription factor Satb2 in three primate species

Unravelling the subcortical and retinal circuitry of the primate inferior pulvinar

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