Thoron levels in the dwellings of Hyderabad city, Andhra Pradesh, India

Study of a deposition-based direct thoron progeny sensor (DTPS) technique for estimating equilibrium equivalent thoron concentration (EETC) in indoor environment

“…Higher thoron levels have been reported in other regions too, e.g. it has been reported that in the dwellings of South-East, India, (Hyderabad) the thoron concentrations were observed to vary between 8 and 330 Bq m −3 (Sreenath Reddy et al, 2004).…”

Monte Carlo simulation of semiconductor detector response to 222Rn and 220Rn environments

“…Thoron is considered to contribute about 4% to the annual effective dose of natural radiation (UNSCEAR, 2010), and must not be neglected (Steinh€ ausler et al, 1994;Tokonami, 2010). In fact, worldwide studies suggest that under certain conditions, the annual equivalent lung dose of thoron can even exceed that of radon (Tschiersch et al, 2007;Meisenberg and Tschiersch, 2011;Wiegand et al, 2000;Sreenath Reddy et al, 2004;Shang et al, 2008;McLaughlin et al, 2011). In contrast to radon, the gas concentration of the short lived 220 Rn isotope (half-life t 1/2 ¼ 55.6 s) is difficult to measure and advanced methods have to be applied (Nuccetelli and Bochicchio, 1998).…”

Assessment of indoor radiation dose received by the residents of natural high background radiation areas of coastal villages of Kanyakumari district, Tamil Nadu, India

“…A number of investigators have measured the indoor radiation level in dwellings in different parts of the world (Crameri et al,1988;Perrit et al, 1990;Kumar et al, 1991;Quindos et al, 1993;Narayana et al,1998).These studies include large scale residential radon surveys carried out in several countries and many surveys of populations exposed to elevated natural background radiations present in some parts of the world, known as high background radiation areas (HBRAs) (Sreenivasa Reddy et al, 2003;Sreenath Reddy et al, 2004;Chougaonkar et al, 2004). Natural high background radiation results from the naturally occurring radio nuclides present in earth's crust and cosmogenic radiation from space.…”