Those Speedos Become Them

Martins, Yolanda; Tiggemann, Marika; Kirkbride, Alana

doi:10.1177/0146167206297403

Cited by 242 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Satisfaction with sex life was a predictor of higher positive wellbeing and lower psychological distress, but was not associated with the other two mental health outcomes, while higher satisfaction with health and fitness was associated only with higher satisfaction with life. Nonetheless, that sex life satisfaction played some role in gay men's wellbeing is consistent with past studies (Biss & Horne, 2005;Martins et al, 2007). This is not surprising, not only because the gay male community is highly "sexualized" in media representations (Jankowski, Fawkner et al, 2014), but also because gay men are typically more sexually active than other groups (Biss & Horne, 2005;Gil, 2007).…”

Section: Life Domain Satisfaction and Importancesupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Jankowski, Diedrichs et al (2014) also found that gay men report more appearance-oriented conversations than heterosexual men do, and that this mediates the association between sexuality and body dissatisfaction. Martins et al (2007) further explicate the role of "gay culture" in gay men's body issues using self-objectification theory. This theory suggests that people who live in objectifying, sexualized cultures take on the view of observers themselves, comparing their self-views with the ideals of the culture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Mental Health Impact of Physical Appearance Concerns in the Context of Other Life Domains Among Australian Gay Men

2016

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Previous studies have identified gay men as a high-risk population for body image disturbances. However, little research has examined the mental health impact of gay men's physical appearance concerns in the context of other major life domains. The present study addresses this gap by investigating how mental health outcomes (satisfaction with life, selfesteem, positive wellbeing, and psychological distress) are associated with satisfaction with and importance of physical appearance, work, family relationships, friendships, health and fitness, and sex life among Australian gay men aged 18-39. The possible moderating role of intimate relationship status is also examined. Results from an online survey reveal that greater satisfaction with physical appearance, work, family, and friendships all bear similar positive associations with mental health. However, more importance placed on physical appearance is more consistently associated with poorer mental health compared with the subjective importance of other domains. Findings also indicate the associations between physical appearance satisfaction and life satisfaction, and between physical appearance importance and positive wellbeing, are weaker for those in relationships. Thus, physical appearance matters in gay men's lives, but is only one factor when considered in the broader context of other life areas that contribute to overall wellbeing. These findings suggest the need for a nuanced and contextualised understanding of how physical appearance concerns fit into gay men's lives. (Word count: 217)

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Section: Life Domain Satisfaction and Importancesupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mental Health Impact of Physical Appearance Concerns in the Context of Other Life Domains Among Australian Gay Men

2016

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“…Writing specifically about lesbian women, Haendiges (2001) stated, "It is accepted that shame is pervasive and deeply ingrained in the identity of a lesbian" (p. 9). Additionally, empirical studies have begun to document high levels of shame in those who experience same-sex attractions, as compared with a male heterosexual sample (Martins, Tiggemann, & Kirkbride, 2007) and as compared with a clinically significant cutoff score (Wells, 2003;Wells & Hansen, 2003). Finally, same-sex attracted individuals who also hold a religious identity commonly admit to conflict between their religion and their attractions and, consequently, feel shame and guilt (Brzezinski, 2000;Schuck & Liddle, 2001).…”

Section: Shame In Sexual Minoritiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Linehan (1993) described opposite-to-emotion action as acting opposite to the urge that an individual feels compelled to act upon in the midst of an emotion. As an example, a same-sex attracted male who experiences shame regarding his body shape (Martins et al, 2007) typically responded to his body shame by cowering away from the situation that triggered the shame and avoiding speaking to anyone about his selfimage. Affect regulation skills would suggest staying in the situation (withholding the natural maladaptive reaction) and perhaps using a mindfulness exercise to reduce the intensity of the shame (soothing the affect).…”

Section: Affect Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shame in Sexual Minorities: Stigma, Internal Cognitions, and Counseling Considerations

Johnson

Yarhouse

2013

Counseling and Values

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Theorists, clinicians, and researchers have suggested that shame is a central concern in the lives of sexual minority individuals. Cognitive theorists believe that shame occurs when a person fails to achieve his or her standards, which are often based on social, cultural, and spiritual values. Although it is asserted that stigma causes shame among members of a sexual minority, the empirical evidence suggests that negative internal cognitions are partly responsible. By targeting negative beliefs, counselors can help sexual minorities reduce their sense of shame, particularly around issues related to sexual identity. The authors offer counseling strategies for reducing shame in sexual minority clients.

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“…For example, Martins, Tiggemann, and Kirkbride (2007) investigated the role of self-objectification on body image in Gay and Straight men. In their first study, 98 Gay and 103 heterosexual men completed measures of self-objectification, body surveillance, shame, and dissatisfaction, and drive for thinness.…”

Section: Self-objectificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

An empirical investigation of gender, sexual attitudes, weight bias and body image

Alperin¹

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An empirical investigation of gender, sexual attitudes, weight bias and body image 2 ABSTRACT This thesis will fill gaps in research exploring gender, weight bias, and body image. It investigates the potential consequences of having a negative body image (such as its association with sexual functioning), and how body image and attraction to different body types differ depending on gender and feminist identification. It also investigates how contact with overweight people 1 is related to weight bias. Traditionally, most body image research has focused on women,given that women typically report worse body image than men, and face substantive societal pressure to look a certain way (Feingold & Mazzella, 1998). However, increasingly research is demonstrating that men also feel appearance-related societal pressure and suffer from marked body image issues (Davison & McCabe, 2005). Consequently, in this thesis both female and male perspectives are involved throughout.In Chapters 1 and 3 I describe the literature that informed my research. Specifically, inChapter 1 I discuss research on body image, including outlining which factors predict having a negative body image, what the consequences of having a poor body image are, and gender differences associated with body image. In Chapter 3, I describe research on anti-fat prejudice, including interventions to reduce negative attitudes towards those who are overweight. In Chapter 2, I investigate how thinking negatively about one's body is associated with sexual problems.Female and male participants (N=519) completed questionnaires examining various aspects of sexual problems, as well as drive for thinness and drive for muscularity. Results indicated that for men as well as women, drive for thinness rather than drive for muscularity consistently predicted sexual dysfunction. This study provides the first evidence that drive for thinness can be associated with negative sexual experiences for men as well as women.In Chapter 4 I shift my focus to examine which factors might predict people finding a range of different body types attractive, and conversely, what might predict the extent to which people impose the thin ideal onto others. Heterosexual female and male participants (N=359) rated how attractive they found a variety of male and female figures. Participants also completed a feminist identity questionnaire. Results demonstrated that men who identified as feminists were more likely to report being attracted to a larger female figure, while feminist identification was unrelated to what size figure women found attractive. In line with past research, women rated the "most attractive" female figure as being thinner than that preferred by men. This study demonstrates that male feminism may have an indirect positive effect on women by relaxing men's standards for female beauty.1 In the interest of brevity, the word 'overweight' is used to encompass both overweight and obese people An empirical investigation of gender, sexual attitudes, weight bias and body image 3In Chapter 5 I...

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Those Speedos Become Them

Cited by 242 publications

References 58 publications

The Mental Health Impact of Physical Appearance Concerns in the Context of Other Life Domains Among Australian Gay Men

The Mental Health Impact of Physical Appearance Concerns in the Context of Other Life Domains Among Australian Gay Men

Shame in Sexual Minorities: Stigma, Internal Cognitions, and Counseling Considerations

An empirical investigation of gender, sexual attitudes, weight bias and body image

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