Threat engagement, disengagement, and sensitivity bias in worry-prone individuals as measured by an emotional go/no-go task

Gole, Markus; Köchel, Angelika; Schäfer, Axel; Schienle, Anne

doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2011.07.002

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…The impairing influence of negative stimuli over performance in go trials replicates the findings of past studies, in which negative stimuli were shown to impair executive control and lengthen response times in various cognitive tasks [ 21 , 22 , 30 , 60 , 61 ], even when presented outside the focus of attention and while task-irrelevant, as in the current study [ 62 – 65 ]. Secondly, the non-significant impact of picture valence on commission errors in no-go trials is supported by past literature as well [ 28 , 29 , 31 ]. As commission error rates are generally considered as the gold standard measure for the assessment of behavioral inhibition in both emotional and classic GNG tasks [ 5 , 29 , 56 ], this finding implies that inhibitory functions in GNG were generally unaffected by negative stimuli.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…Secondly, the non-significant impact of picture valence on commission errors in no-go trials is supported by past literature as well [ 28 , 29 , 31 ]. As commission error rates are generally considered as the gold standard measure for the assessment of behavioral inhibition in both emotional and classic GNG tasks [ 5 , 29 , 56 ], this finding implies that inhibitory functions in GNG were generally unaffected by negative stimuli. Interestingly, participants’ perceptual sensitivity was in fact modulated by picture valence, with lower d’ scores indicating difficulties in discriminating and appropriately responding to targets and non-targets (go vs. no-go trials; [ 57 ]).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

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Do all inhibitions act alike? A study of go/no-go and stop-signal paradigms

Littman

Takács

2017

PLoS ONE

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Response inhibition is frequently measured by the Go/no-go and Stop-signal tasks. These two are often used indiscriminately under the assumption that both measure similar inhibitory control abilities. However, accumulating evidence show differences in both tasks' modulations, raising the question of whether they tap into equivalent cognitive mechanisms. In the current study, a comparison of the performance in both tasks took place under the influence of negative stimuli, following the assumption that ''controlled inhibition'', as measured by Stop-signal, but not ''automatic inhibition'', as measured by Go/no-go, will be affected. 54 young adults performed a task in which negative pictures, neutral pictures or no-pictures preceded go trials, no-go trials, and stop-trials. While the exposure to negative pictures impaired performance on go trials and improved the inhibitory capacity in Stop-signal task, the inhibitory performance in Go/no-go task was generally unaffected. The results support the conceptualization of different mechanisms operated by both tasks, thus emphasizing the necessity to thoroughly fathom both inhibitory processes and identify their corresponding cognitive measures. Implications regarding the usage of cognitive tasks for strengthening inhibitory capacity among individuals struggling with inhibitory impairments are discussed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Do all inhibitions act alike? A study of go/no-go and stop-signal paradigms

Littman

Takács

2017

PLoS ONE

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“…Complementing the “Affective Norms for English Words” (ANEW; Bradley and Lang, 1999 ), the Sussex Affective Word List (SAWL; Citron et al, 2012 ), or the “Affective Norms for German Sentiment Terms” (ANGST; Schmidtke et al, 2014a ), which rely on a dimensional theory of emotion a la Wundt, Lang, or Russell, a recent version of the BAWL, the DENN-BAWL, is also compatible with discrete emotion theories, such as Darwin's or Panksepp's (Briesemeister et al, 2011a , 2014a , b ). Even more recent extensions include a multilingual version of the BAWL containing more than 6000 words allowing comparisons between German, Spanish, English, and French (Schmidtke et al, 2014a ), and preliminary versions for testing children, the kidBAWL, including embodiment ratings (eBAWL), the noun-noun compound/NNC-BAWL, special versions for clinical applications (cBAWL; Gole et al, 2012 ; Kometer et al, 2012 ; Herbert et al, 2013 ; Gärtner and Bajbouj, 2014 ), and one for experiments in neuroaesthetics (bBAWL). As shown in the following sections, the BAWL can be used to estimate the emotion potential of lexical or supralexical units, and is complemented at the sublexical level by the EMOPHON tool, allowing to estimate the affective value of sublexical units (Aryani et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: The “Berlin Affective Word List” (Bawl) As a Basic Tool For mentioning

confidence: 99%

10 years of BAWLing into affective and aesthetic processes in reading: what are the echoes?

Jacobs¹,

et al. 2015

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Reading is not only “cold” information processing, but involves affective and aesthetic processes that go far beyond what current models of word recognition, sentence processing, or text comprehension can explain. To investigate such “hot” reading processes, standardized instruments that quantify both psycholinguistic and emotional variables at the sublexical, lexical, inter-, and supralexical levels (e.g., phonological iconicity, word valence, arousal-span, or passage suspense) are necessary. One such instrument, the Berlin Affective Word List (BAWL) has been used in over 50 published studies demonstrating effects of lexical emotional variables on all relevant processing levels (experiential, behavioral, neuronal). In this paper, we first present new data from several BAWL studies. Together, these studies examine various views on affective effects in reading arising from dimensional (e.g., valence) and discrete emotion features (e.g., happiness), or embodied cognition features like smelling. Second, we extend our investigation of the complex issue of affective word processing to words characterized by a mixture of affects. These words entail positive and negative valence, and/or features making them beautiful or ugly. Finally, we discuss tentative neurocognitive models of affective word processing in the light of the present results, raising new issues for future studies.

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“…Difficulties with emotion regulation were measured using a German version of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale (DERS—Gole, Koechel, Schaefer, & Schienle, 2012 ; Gratz & Roemer, 2004 ). Comprising 36 items, the DERS yields six scales: impulse control difficulties (IMPULSE, Cronbach’s Alpha = 0.86), lack of emotional clarity (CLARITY, Cronbach’s Alpha = 0.84), difficulties engaging in goal-directed behavior (GOALS, Cronbach’s Alpha = 0.89), lack of emotional awareness (AWARENESS, Cronbach’s Alpha = 0.80), non-acceptance of emotional responses (NON-ACCEPTANCE, Cronbach’s Alpha = 0.85), and limited access to emotion regulation strategies (STRATEGIES, Cronbach’s Alpha = 0.88).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subjective emotional arousal: an explorative study on the role of gender, age, intensity, emotion regulation difficulties, depression and anxiety symptoms, and meta-emotion

Deckert

Schmoeger

Auff

et al. 2019

Psychological Research

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Subjective emotional arousal in typically developing adults was investigated in an explorative study. 177 participants (20–70 years) rated facial expressions and words for self-experienced arousal and perceived intensity, and completed the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation scale and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HADS-D). Exclusion criteria were psychiatric or neurological diseases, or clinically relevant scores in the HADS-D. Arousal regarding faces and words was significantly predicted by emotional clarity. Separate analyses showed following significant results: arousal regarding faces and arousal regarding words constantly predicted each other; negative faces were predicted by age and intensity; neutral faces by gender and impulse control; positive faces by gender and intensity; negative words by emotional clarity; and neutral words by gender. Males showed higher arousal scores than females regarding neutral faces and neutral words; for the other arousal scores, no explicit group differences were shown. Cluster analysis yielded three distinguished emotional characteristics groups: “emotional difficulties disposition group” (mainly females; highest emotion regulation difficulties, depression and anxiety scores; by trend highest arousal), “low emotional awareness group” (exclusively males; lowest awareness regarding currently experienced emotions; by trend intermediate arousal), and a “low emotional difficulties group” (exclusively females; lowest values throughout). No age effect was shown. Results suggest that arousal elicited by facial expressions and words are specialized parts of a greater emotional processing system and that typically developing adults show some kind of stable, modality-unspecific dispositional baseline of emotional arousal. Emotional awareness and clarity, and impulse control probably are trait aspects of emotion regulation that influence emotional arousal in typically developing adults and can be regarded as aspects of meta-emotion. Different emotional personality styles were shown between as well as within gender groups.

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Threat engagement, disengagement, and sensitivity bias in worry-prone individuals as measured by an emotional go/no-go task

Cited by 12 publications

References 55 publications

Do all inhibitions act alike? A study of go/no-go and stop-signal paradigms

Do all inhibitions act alike? A study of go/no-go and stop-signal paradigms

10 years of BAWLing into affective and aesthetic processes in reading: what are the echoes?

Subjective emotional arousal: an explorative study on the role of gender, age, intensity, emotion regulation difficulties, depression and anxiety symptoms, and meta-emotion

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