Threatened forest lichen <i>Lobaria pulmonaria</i> - its past, present and future in Estonia

Jüriado, Inga; Liira, Jaan

doi:10.2478/v10132-011-0086-6

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In Estonia, for example, according to Jüriado and Liira (2009), of the localities of L. pulmonaria 77% have been recorded from small forest fragments or from larger managed forests, which are prone to further isolation or degradation. Since 2002, at least 19% of the L. pulmonaria localities in Estonia were threatened due to the strong edge effect and fragmentation of the stands and 6% of L. pulmonaria localities were destroyed by clear cutting of stands (Jüriado and Liira 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dispersal ecology of the endangered woodland lichen Lobaria pulmonaria in managed hemiboreal forest landscape

et al. 2011

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Changes in the forest management practices have strongly influenced the distribution of species inhabiting old-growth forests. The epiphytic woodland lichen Lobaria pulmonaria is frequently used as a model species to study the factors affecting the population biology of lichens. We sampled 252 L. pulmonaria individuals from 12 populations representing three woodland types differing in their ecological continuity and management intensity in Estonia. We used eight mycobiont-specific microsatellite loci to quantify genetic diversity among the populations. We calculated the Sørensen distance to estimate genetic dissimilarity among individuals within populations. We revealed that L. pulmonaria populations have significantly higher genetic diversity in old-growth forests than in managed forests and wooded meadows. We detected a significant woodland-typespecific pattern of genetic dissimilarity among neighbouring L. pulmonaria individuals, which suggests that in wooded meadows and managed forests dominating is vegetative reproduction. The vegetative dispersal distance between the host trees of L. pulmonaria was found to be only 15-30 m. Genetic dissimilarity among individuals was also dependent on tree species and trunk diameter. Lobaria pulmonaria populations in managed forests included less juveniles compared to old-growth forests and wooded meadows, indicating that forest management influences life stage structure within populations. We conclude that as intensive stand management reduces the genetic diversity of threatened species in woodland habitats, particular attention should be paid to the preservation of remnant populations in old-growth habitats. Within managed habitats, conservation management should target on maintenance of the stand's structural diversity and availability of potential host trees.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dispersal ecology of the endangered woodland lichen Lobaria pulmonaria in managed hemiboreal forest landscape

et al. 2011

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“…Apart from forest management, cyanolichens are sensitive to atmospheric pollutants (SO 2 , O 3 ) and acid rain (Gauslaa , Goward and Arsenault , Richardson and Cameron ). Considering also the low dispersal ability of cyanolichens (Gu et al , Jüriado et al ), this functional group of lichens is among the most threatened groups of epiphytes (Jüriado and Liira ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epiphytic lichen synusiae and functional trait groups in boreo‐nemoral deciduous forests are influenced by host tree and environmental factors

Jüriado

Paal

2019

Nordic Journal of Botany

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Deciduous forests with temperate broad‐leaved tree species are particularily important in terms of biodiversity and its protection, but are threatened habitats in northern Europe. Using multivariate analyses we studied the effect of forest site type, environmental variables and host tree properties on epiphytic lichen synusiae as well as on the composition of species‐specific functional traits. Epiphytic lichens were examined on Acer platanoides, Fraxinus excelsior, Quercus robur, Tilia cordata, Ulmus glabra and U. laevis in two types of forests: Humulus‐type floodplain forests and Lunaria‐type boreo‐nemoral forests on the talus slopes of limestone escarpment (klint forests). Klint forests located near the seashore were under greater maritime influence compared to floodplain forests located in inland Estonia which experience stronger air temperature contrasts. In addition to stand level and climatic variables, tree level factors (bark pH, trunk circumference and cover of bryophytes) considerably affected the species composition of the lichen synusiae. Overall, 137 lichen species were recorded, including 14 red‐listed species characteristic of deciduous trees. We defined 13 lichen societies and showed their preference to forests of a specific site type and/or host tree properties. In forests of both types, most of the epiphytic lichens were crustose, and had apothecia as the fruit bodies and chlorococcoid algae as the photobiont. However, the proportion of lichens with a foliose or fruticose growth form, as well as the proportion of lichens with vegatative diaspores, were higher in floodplain forests. In klint forests with a stronger influence from the wind, crustose species completely dominated, while species with vegetative diaspores were rare and most species dispersed sexually. Lichens with Trentepohlia as the photobiont were characteristic of these forests, and lichens with lirellate ascomata were prevailing, indicating the great uniqueness of the kint forests for epiphytic lichens in the boreo‐nemoral region.

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“…Lobaria pulmonaria (epiphytic macrolichen) Dispersal/establishment Spatio-temporal connectivity of nemoral broad-leaved trees and aspen in reserves [42,77,96,[105][106][107][108] Menegazzia terebrata (epiphytic macrolichen) Air moisture and quality Hydrologically intact semi-open moist and wet forests [16,105,109,110] Chaenotheca gracilenta (epixylic microlichen) Microhabitat Supply of shady moist microhabitats on dying and uprooted old trees in reserves [15,43,50,105] Xylopsora friesii (epiphytic/epixylic microlichen) Disturbance regime Conifer forests with continuity of small-scale disturbances and slow-grown old trees [46,111] Species sensitive to reduced rotations and functioning of mature production stands…”

Section: Old-growth Dependent Species In Protected Forestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential of Production Forests for Sustaining Lichen Diversity: A Perspective on Sustainable Forest Management

Lõhmus

2019

Forests

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There is a critical gap in our knowledge about sustainable forest management in order to maintain biodiversity with respect to allocating conservation efforts between production forests and set-asides. Field studies on this question are notably scarce on species-rich, poorly detectable taxon groups. On the basis of forest lichen surveys in Estonia, we assessed the following: (i) how much production stands contribute to maintaining the full species pool and (ii) how forest habitat conditions affect this contribution for habitat specialist species. The field material was collected in a "semi-natural forestry" system, which mitigates negative environmental impacts of even-aged forestry and forestry drainage by frequently using natural regeneration, tree retention, and low intensity of thinnings. We performed standard-effort surveys of full assemblages of lichens and allied fungi (such as non-lichenized calicioid and lichenicolous fungi) and measured stand structure in 127 2 ha plots, in mainland Estonia. The plots represented four management stages (old growth, mature preharvest forests, clear-cut sites with retention trees, and clear-cut sites without retention trees). The 369 recorded species represent an estimated 70% of the full species pool studied. Our main finding was that production forests supported over 80% of recorded species, but only one-third appears tolerant of management intensification. The landscape-scale potential of production forests through biodiversity-friendly silviculture is approximately twice as high as the number of tolerant species and, additionally, many very rare species depend on setting aside their scattered localities. The potential is much smaller at the scale of individual stands. The scale effect emerges because multiple stands contribute different sets of sensitive and infrequent species. When the full potential of production forests is realized, the role of reserves is to protect specific old-growth dependent taxa (15% to 20% of the species pool). Our study highlights that production forests form a heterogeneous and dynamic target for addressing the biodiversity conservation principle of sustainable forest management. of 23improving and mitigating forest management techniques, and effective landscape planning [2,3]. Despite such an understanding and several political and market mechanisms to enforce SFM [4], forest biodiversity continues to decline even in those regions that have a strong political commitment to SFM, such as the European Union [5].A critical gap in knowledge about maintaining forest biodiversity along with other forest use is how to allocate conservation efforts between production forests and set-asides of different type and size [6][7][8]. This gap remains partly rooted in incomplete knowledge on most forest organisms and their responses to management practices [9], which weakens conservation arguments in stakeholder processes and, specifically, makes these dependent on approaches to the precautionary principle [10]. A promising approach is to define a set of ...

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Threatened forest lichen Lobaria pulmonaria - its past, present and future in Estonia

Cited by 14 publications

References 32 publications

Dispersal ecology of the endangered woodland lichen Lobaria pulmonaria in managed hemiboreal forest landscape

Dispersal ecology of the endangered woodland lichen Lobaria pulmonaria in managed hemiboreal forest landscape

Epiphytic lichen synusiae and functional trait groups in boreo‐nemoral deciduous forests are influenced by host tree and environmental factors

The Potential of Production Forests for Sustaining Lichen Diversity: A Perspective on Sustainable Forest Management

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