Threats to Marsh Resources and Mitigation

Hansen, Virginia D.; Reiss, Kelly Chinners

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-396483-0.00016-9

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 116 publications

(151 reference statements)

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“…The studies identified in this review come predominantly from North America and Europe as single-country studies, a geographical predominance that is consistent with other reviews of coastal restoration (Zhang et al 2018). The distribution of studies identified here does not, however, reflect the global distribution of wetlands as they can also be found in high abundance on many coastal areas above the Tropic of Cancer and below the Tropic of Capricorn (Scott & Jones 1995;Junk et al 2013;Hansen & Reiss 2015;Moffett et al 2015;Schuerch et al 2018). While North America has the greatest area of saltmarshes, there is a comparable amount in Oceania, and the area of marshes in Europe is comparable to that of the Russian Federation and China (Mcowen et al 2017).…”

Section: Research Aim (I) Summarize the Current Research Related To C...supporting

confidence: 80%

Restoring for the climate: a review of coastal wetland restoration research in the last 30 years

Bertolini

Mosto²

2021

Restoration Ecology

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Wetlands provide significant ecosystem services yet are ranked among some of the most imperiled habitats. To maximize prioritization of these habitats a better understanding of the full range of ecosystem functions is needed, starting with an examination of how coastal wetlands have been portrayed in restoration literature to date. This study consists of a literature review and the use of automated topic analyses aimed at (1) summarizing the current research related to coastal wetland restoration, (2) identifying the key fields of research, and (3) identifying research efforts connecting restoration and climate adaptation strategies (e.g. blue carbon). Of the 702 papers sourced for this analysis, most studies were conducted in North America and Europe. An increase in articles considering wetland restoration was found from 1985 to October 2020, with 40% of the research published just in the last triennia (2018–2020). Topic division highlights the emergence of studies related to management under climate change (e.g. sea level rise, adaptive management) and to carbon sequestration as separate fields of research from classical ecological studies. This reveals the need to ensure that classical ecological research is not neglected by work relating to climate strategies, which depend upon an accurate understanding of ecological processes.

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Section: Research Aim (I) Summarize the Current Research Related To C...supporting

confidence: 80%

Restoring for the climate: a review of coastal wetland restoration research in the last 30 years

Bertolini

Mosto²

2021

Restoration Ecology

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“…Along with the loss of marshes, not only the ecosystemic services they provide will be lost (i.e. carbon sequestration, Hopkinson et al, 2012; coastal protection and seawater maintenance, Barbier et al, 2011; Duarte et al, 2013; NOAA, 2017) but also its role as diversity reservoir will be compromised (Gedan et al, 2009; Greenberg et al, 2014; Hansen & Reiss, 2015; Valiela, 2006). Despite recent efforts to address the challenge of tidal marsh biodiversity conservation, their value for terrestrial species remains unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global distribution and richness of terrestrial mammals in tidal marshes

Canepuccia

Fanjul

Iribarne

2023

Diversity and Distributions

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Aim: Understanding the determinants of species distribution and richness is key to explaining global ecological patterns. We examined the current knowledge about terrestrial mammals in tidal marshes and evaluated whether species richness increased with the marsh surface area and/or with their proximity to the equator and whether species distribution ranges decreased with latitude.Location: Global. Methods:We reviewed the existing literature on terrestrial mammals in tidal marshes.We examined their ecological characteristics (e.g. habitat specialists, native or alien), predicted their variation in species richness and range size along latitude, and explored factors, such as surface area, underlying the global patterns found. Results:We found 962 records, describing 125 mammalian species using tidal marshes worldwide, also including several alien species. Most species (95%) were not marsh specialized, and some (18%) were of conservation concern. There were information gaps in South America, Africa, Australia and Asia, and a lack of information about mammalian ecological roles worldwide. We found that species richness increased with surface area, and showed a bimodal pattern peaked between 40° and 50° latitude in each hemisphere. We found no relationship between latitude and species range size. Main conclusions:Our worldwide findings revealed a broader range of tidal marshes inhabited by terrestrial mammals, and higher values of species richness than previously reported. The bimodal pattern of species richness was consistent with the species-area hypothesis, but it also suggested that further studies of species distribution in relation to historical and environmental factors will yield significant insights about variables driving richness in tidal marshes. Despite terrestrial mammal ubiquitous distribution in these ecosystems, there are considerable geographic gaps as regards knowledge about their functional importance and the impact of alien species on tidal marsh functioning. Consequently, extending our research efforts is key to planning the conservation of these coastal ecosystems.

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“…Despite their importance, up to 70% of worldwide salt marshes have been lost in the 20th century [8], mostly due to extensive anthropogenic land cover changes that have accelerated marsh degradation. Climate change is now making these threats much more severe [5,9,10], with sea-level rise (SLR) being probably [8] the greatest current threat to salt marshes. Rising local sea levels could put salt marshes at risk of drowning, depending on SLR scenarios [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Performance of High Spatial Resolution UAV-Photogrammetry and UAV-LiDAR for Salt Marshes: The Cádiz Bay Study Case

et al. 2022

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Salt marshes are very valuable and threatened ecosystems, and are challenging to study due to their difficulty of access and the alterable nature of their soft soil. Remote sensing methods in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) offer a great opportunity to improve our knowledge in this type of complex habitat. However, further analysis of UAV technology performance is still required to standardize the application of these methods in salt marshes. This work evaluates and tunes UAV-photogrammetry and UAV-LiDAR techniques for high-resolution applications in salt marsh habitats, and also analyzes the best sensor configuration to collect reliable data and generate the best results. The performance is evaluated through the accuracy assessment of the corresponding generated products. UAV-photogrammetry yields the highest spatial resolution (1.25 cm/pixel) orthomosaics and digital models, but at the cost of large files that require long processing times, making it applicable only for small areas. On the other hand, UAV-LiDAR has proven to be a promising tool for coastal research, providing high-resolution orthomosaics (2.7 cm/pixel) and high-accuracy digital elevation models from lighter datasets, with less time required to process them. One issue with UAV-LiDAR application in salt marshes is the limited effectiveness of the autoclassification of bare ground and vegetated surfaces, since the scattering of the LiDAR point clouds for both salt marsh surfaces is similar. Fortunately, when LiDAR and multispectral data are combined, the efficiency of this step improves significantly. The correlation between LiDAR measurements and field values improves from R2 values of 0.79 to 0.94 when stable reference points (i.e., a few additional GCPs in rigid infrastructures) are also included as control points. According to our results, the most reliable LiDAR sensor configuration for salt marsh applications is the nadir non-repetitive combination. This configuration has the best balance between dataset size, spatial resolution, and processing time. Nevertheless, further research is still needed to develop accurate canopy height models. The present work demonstrates that UAV-LiDAR technology offers a suitable solution for coastal research applications where high spatial and temporal resolutions are required.

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Threats to Marsh Resources and Mitigation

Cited by 7 publications

References 116 publications

Restoring for the climate: a review of coastal wetland restoration research in the last 30 years

Restoring for the climate: a review of coastal wetland restoration research in the last 30 years

Global distribution and richness of terrestrial mammals in tidal marshes

Evaluating the Performance of High Spatial Resolution UAV-Photogrammetry and UAV-LiDAR for Salt Marshes: The Cádiz Bay Study Case

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