Three-Body Recombination into Deep Bound States in a Bose Gas with Large Scattering Length

Braaten, Eric; Hammer, H. W.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.87.160407

Cited by 144 publications

(190 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Deep two-body bound states also provide additional channels for three-body recombination. Their effects can be particularly dramatic for a < 0 if there is an Efimov state near the three-atom threshold, because it gives a resonant enhancement of the three-body recombination rate into deep two-body bound states [20,49]. The existence of deep two-body bound states does not affect the universality prediction for low-energy observables in the two-body sector.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Universality in the three-body problem for4Heatoms

Braaten

Hammer

2003

Phys. Rev. A

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The two-body scattering length a for 4 He atoms is much larger than their effective range r s . As a consequence, low-energy few-body observables have universal characteristics that are independent of the interaction potential. Universality implies that, up to corrections suppressed by r s /a, all low-energy three-body observables are determined by a and a three-body parameter Λ * . We give simple expressions in terms of a and Λ * for the trimer binding energy equation, the atom-dimer scattering phase shifts, and the rate for three-body recombination at threshold. We determine Λ * for several 4 He potentials from the calculated binding energy of the excited state of the trimer and use it to obtain the universality predictions for the other low-energy observables. We also use the calculated values for one potential to estimate the effective range corrections for the other potentials.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Universality in the three-body problem for4Heatoms

Braaten

Hammer

2003

Phys. Rev. A

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“…2). A fit of the analytic theory [4,15] decay parameter (η − ≪ 1) demonstrates a sufficiently long lifetime of Efimov trimers to allow their observation as distinct quantum states.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 93%

“…This striking phenomenon was first identified in numerical solutions to the adiabatic hyperspherical approximation of the three-body Schrödinger equation assuming simple model potentials and interpreted in terms of tunneling through a potential barrier in the three-body entrance channel [14]. A different theoretical approach [4,15], based on effective field theory, provides the analytic ex-…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 97%

Experimental Evidence for Efimov Quantum States

Naegerl¹,

Kraemer²,

Mark³

et al. 2006

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. Three interacting particles form a system which is well known for its complex physical behavior. A landmark theoretical result in few-body quantum physics is Efimov's prediction of a universal set of weakly bound trimer states appearing for three identical bosons with a resonant two-body interaction [1,2]. Surprisingly, these states even exist in the absence of a corresponding two-body bound state and their precise nature is largely independent of the particular type of the two-body interaction potential. Efimov's scenario has attracted great interest in many areas of physics; an experimental test however has not been achieved. We report the observation of an Efimov resonance in an ultracold thermal gas of cesium atoms [3]. The resonance occurs in the range of large negative two-body scattering lengths and arises from the coupling of three free atoms to an Efimov trimer. We observe its signature as a giant three-body recombination loss when the strength of the two-body interaction is varied near a Feshbach resonance. This resonance develops into a continuum resonance at non-zero collision energies, and we observe a shift of the resonance position as a function of temperature. We also report on a minimum in the recombination loss for positive scattering lengths, indicating destructive interference of decay pathways. Our results confirm central theoretical predictions of Efimov physics and represent a starting point from which to explore the universal properties of resonantly interacting few-body systems. Efimov's treatment of three identical bosons [1,2] is closely linked to the concept of universality [4] in systems with a resonant two-body interaction, where the s-wave scattering length a fully characterizes the two-body physics. When |a| greatly exceeds the characteristic range ℓ of the two-body interaction potential, details of the short-range interaction become irrelevant because of the long-range nature of the wave function. Universality then leads to a generic behavior in three-body physics, reflected in the energy spectrum of weakly bound Efimov trimer states. Up to now, in spite of their great fundamental importance, these states could not be observed experimentally. An observation in the realm of nuclear physics, as originally proposed by Efimov, is hampered by the presence of the Coulomb interaction, and only two-neutron halo systems with a spinless core are likely to feature Efimov states [5]. In molecular physics, the helium trimer [6] is predicted to have an excited state with Efimov character [7]. The existence of this state could so far not be confirmed [8]. A different approach to experimentally study the physics of Efimov states is based on the unique properties of ultracold atomic Keywords

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“…The presence of a Feshbach resonance leads to a strong enhancement of loss because the dominant loss process, namely, three-body recombination, scales strongly with a [22][23][24][25][26].…”

Section: B Feshbach Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Feshbach spectroscopy and analysis of the interaction potentials of ultracold sodium

et al. 2011

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We have studied magnetic Feshbach resonances in an ultracold sample of Na prepared in the absolute hyperfine ground state. We report on the observation of three s-, eight d-, and three g-wave Feshbach resonances, including a more precise determination of two known s-wave resonances, and one s-wave resonance at a magnetic field exceeding 200 mT. Using a coupled-channels calculation we have improved the sodium ground-state potentials by taking into account these new experimental data and derived values for the scattering lengths. In addition, a description of the molecular states leading to the Feshbach resonances in terms of the asymptotic-bound-state model is presented.

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Three-Body Recombination into Deep Bound States in a Bose Gas with Large Scattering Length

Cited by 144 publications

References 13 publications

Universality in the three-body problem for4Heatoms

Universality in the three-body problem for4Heatoms

Experimental Evidence for Efimov Quantum States

Feshbach spectroscopy and analysis of the interaction potentials of ultracold sodium

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