“…The exact frequency and risk of this recurrence is difficult to assess, and reflects the composition of the case series, with higher rates of theoretical ‘miss’ associated with higher nodal disease burden, stage IV disease, and possibly lower rates of current standard chemotherapy. In both papers by Chang et al ., which only examined recurrent lesions, the rate of SCF LN metastases outside the ESTRO/RTOG CTV was lower than in the other two series, which also included patients who presented with SCF metastases at diagnosis . However, taken together, these studies suggest that the posterior volume, which extends beyond the scalene muscles, is at risk from metastatic breast cancer.…”