Three-dimensional and anisotropic numerical analysis of a PEM fuel cell

Taş, Mert; Elden, Gülşah

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.12.219

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Temperature and humidity also interact with each other, which are competitive, and humidity especially has a greater impact on the temperature distribution at high-current densities [27]. At the same time, the PEMFC performance increases with the increase in temperature and humidity [28,29].…”

Section: The Effect Of Assembly Force Temperature and Humidity On Fue...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Liu [33] 2D assembly force stress distribution Bograchev [34] 2D assembly force, temperature, humidity stress distribution Mehrtash [35] 2D assembly force, humidity, current density stress distribution Mert Taş [28] 3D temperature, humidity performance optimization Shen [27] 3D temperature, humidity, current density performance optimization Ouaidat [36] 3D thermal, electrical, mechanical performance optimization Zhang [23] 3D humidity, deformation performance optimization…”

Section: Author Dimension Influence Factor Research Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Multi-Field Coupled PEMFC Model with Force-Temperature-Humidity and Experimental Validation for High Electrochemical Performance Design

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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PEMFCs (Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells) are commonly used in fuel cell vehicles, which facilitates energy conversation and environmental protection. The fuel cell electrochemical performance is significantly affected by the contact resistance and the GDL (Gas Diffusion Layer) porosity due to ohmic and concentration losses. However, it is difficult to obtain the exact performance prediction of the electrochemical reaction for a fuel cell design, resulting from the complex operating conditions of fuel cells coupled with the assembly force, operating temperature, relative humidity, etc. Considering the compression behavior of porosity and the contact pressure in GDLs, a force-temperature-humidity multi-field coupled model is established based on FEA (Finite Element Analysis) and CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) for the fuel cell electrochemical performance. Aside from that, the characteristics between the contact resistance and the contact pressure are measured and fitted through the experiments in this study. Finally, the numerical model is validated by the experiment of the fuel cell stack, and the error rate between the presented model and the experimentation of the full-dimensional stack being a maximum of 3.37%. This work provides important insight into the force-temperature-humidity coupled action as less empirical testing is required to identify the high fuel cell performance and optimize the fuel cell parameters in a full-dimensional fuel cell stack.

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Section: The Effect Of Assembly Force Temperature and Humidity On Fue...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Author Dimension Influence Factor Research Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multi-Field Coupled PEMFC Model with Force-Temperature-Humidity and Experimental Validation for High Electrochemical Performance Design

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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“…Their findings also indicated that a higher clamping force resulted in a more uniform distribution of electric potential and oxygen concentration. Tas et al [11] developed three-dimensional and anisotropic numerical models to study the effects of cell temperature and relative humidity on charge transport parameters. Chen et al [12] established a three-dimensional multi-phase PEMFC electrochemical model coupled with a cooling channel to comprehensively analyze the heat transfer characteristics.…”

Section: Introduction 1the Importance Of the Fuel Cell Electrochemica...mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Electrochemical Performance Model Considering of Non-Uniform Gas Distribution Based on Porous Media Method in PEMFC Stack

Zhang,

Quan,

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is significant and favorable to the long-range and short refueling time in the vehicle industry. However, the non-uniform distribution of gas flow supply, particularly in the fuel cell stack is neglected in the electrochemical model for PEMFC performance optimization. The purpose of this study is to break through this limitation to establish an optimized electrochemical fuel cell performance model, with porous media methods considering the non-uniform gas flow distribution in fuel cell stack with different compression of the gas distribution layer (GDL). The numerical models are validated by experimentation of a practical fuel cell stack. For the established fuel cell model, there is a 5% difference between the maximum and minimum speeds of various flow channels in the anode flow field under 10% GDL compression. Furthermore, the single-channel electrochemical performance model is optimized by considering the non-uniform gas flow distribution of the fuel cell stack. The results of the optimized electrochemical fuel cell performance model demonstrate that the correlation coefficient between the experiment results and the simulation results is nearly 99.50%, which is higher than that of the original model under 20% GDL compression. This established model is effective in enhancing the prediction accuracy of the PEMFC performance.

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“…However, there was a significant change in the in-plane electrical conductivity for the measured GDL samples under different relative humidities. Taş and Elden (2022) numerically developed a three-dimensional PEFC model in which they integrated their previously experimentally measured values of the anisotropic electrical conductivities for the above-mentioned gas diffusion layers. In their model, they investigated the effects of the PEFC operating temperature and the relative humidity on the anisotropic electrical conductivities of the GDL samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of GDL anisotropic transport properties on the PEFC performance

Okereke

Ismail

Ingham

et al. 2022

HFF

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Purpose This paper aims to numerically investigate the impact of gas diffusion layer (GDL) anisotropic transport properties on the overall and local performance of polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs). Design/methodology/approach A three-dimensional numerical model of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell with a single straight channel has been developed to investigate the sensitivity of the fuel cell performance to the GDL anisotropic transport properties – gas permeability, diffusivity, thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity. Realistic experimentally estimated GDL transport properties were incorporated into the developed PEFC model, and a parametric study was performed to show the effect of these properties on fuel cell performance and the distribution of the key variables of current density and oxygen concentration within the cathode GDL. Findings The results showed that the anisotropy of the GDL must be captured to avoid overestimation/underestimation of the performance of the modelled fuel cell. The results also showed that the fuel cell performance and the distributions of current density and oxygen mass fraction within the cathode GDL are highly sensitive to the through-plane electrical conductivity of the GDL and, to a lesser extent, the through-plane diffusivity, and the thermal conductivity of the GDL. The fuel cell performance is almost insensitive to the gas permeability of the GDL. Practical implications This study improves the understanding of the importance of the GDL anisotropy in the modelling of fuel cells and provides useful insights on improving the efficiency of the fuel cells. Originality/value Realistic experimentally estimated GDL transport properties have been incorporated into the PEFC model for the first time, allowing for more accurate prediction of the PEFC performance.

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Three-dimensional and anisotropic numerical analysis of a PEM fuel cell

Cited by 6 publications

References 50 publications

A Multi-Field Coupled PEMFC Model with Force-Temperature-Humidity and Experimental Validation for High Electrochemical Performance Design

A Multi-Field Coupled PEMFC Model with Force-Temperature-Humidity and Experimental Validation for High Electrochemical Performance Design

An Electrochemical Performance Model Considering of Non-Uniform Gas Distribution Based on Porous Media Method in PEMFC Stack

The effects of GDL anisotropic transport properties on the PEFC performance

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