In this study, Bi2S3-Gd2O3 nanocomposites (Bi2S3-Gd2O3@BSA) were prepared via
biomineralization using albumin as a template, and the nanomaterials were directed to the
tumor site through surface folic acid modification. Among these materials, Bi2S3 serves as
an effective photothermal conversion agent (PTA) for photothermal therapy at tumor sites,
attributed to its impressive photothermal conversion efficiency. In contrast, Gd2O3, being a
paramagnetic substance, can serve effectively as a contrast agent in the magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI). According to in vitro and in vivo experiments, the nanomaterials exhibit
low toxicity, favorable biocompatibility, and outstanding photothermal properties. Upon the
exposure to 808 nm laser irradiation, the nanomaterials quickly reach the therapeutic
temperature necessary for effective tumor treatment. With folic acid modification, these
nanomaterials accumulate in the tumor region, enabling efficient treatment. This strategy
provides a fresh outlook for the purposeful design of diagnostic agents aimed at tumor
imaging and therapy.