Three-dimensional carbon-coating silicon nanoparticles welded on carbon nanotubes composites for high-stability lithium-ion battery anodes

An, Weili; Xiang, Ben; Fu, Jijiang; Mei, Shixiong; Guo, Siguang; Huo, Kaifu; Zhang, Xuming; Gao, Biao; Chu, Paul K.

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.02.145

Cited by 54 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The corresponding interplanar distance of MSS in Figure S4d is 0.31 nm, which is well matched with the d -spacing of the (111) plane of crystal Si, as confirmed by the corresponding SAED (Figure S4b). After the carbon conformal coating, MSS@CC maintains a similar 3D porous skeleton structure with a 7 nm thick amorphous carbon layer uniform coating on the MSS surface, as confirmed by SEM and TEM images (Figure S5). Furthermore, the surface encapsulating MSS@CC by the nonfilling carbon shell, MSS@CC@CS, shows a relatively smooth surface and has no obvious porous structure and particle agglomeration, as shown in Figure d–f.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Hierarchical Carbon Shell Compositing Microscale Silicon Skeleton as High-Performance Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Xiao

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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Si is a promising high-capacity anode material; however, its practical implementation is hindered by its huge volume expansion, low initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE), poor cycling life, and high cost. To address these issues, a novel microscale Si skeleton (MSS) material is synthesized, and a dual carbon-hybridized MSS hierarchical architecture composite (MSS@ CC@CS) is fabricated by a conformal carbon first coating and nonfilling carbon shell secondary encapsulation. The MSS consisting of interconnected Si nanoskeletons and continuous interpenetrating pores avoids pulverization and accommodates volume expansion, resulting in low electrode swelling. The conformal carbon coating enhances the internal conductivity and structural stability of MSS, and the carbon shell encapsulation further strengthens the structural integrity and greatly improves the ICE of the Si anode. As an anode, MSS@CC@CS shows a high ICE of 90.5%, a high half-cell capacity of 1353.8 mA h g −1 at 0.5 C with 89.8% capacity retention after 800 cycles, and a low electrode swelling of 12.4%. Paired with a commercial NCA cathode after blending graphite to assemble a 3.5 A h cylindrical cell, an energy density of 286.4 W h kg −1 and superior cycle performance with 82.7% capacity retention after 1200 cycles are achieved, showing a great application potential in powering large devices.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Hierarchical Carbon Shell Compositing Microscale Silicon Skeleton as High-Performance Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Xiao

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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“…In the bright-field TEM picture (Figure c), it can be clearly observed that due to the vacancies, the cycled PH-SiNWs form a porous network structure, which is more obvious in the dark-field TEM image (Figure d). This porous network structure can provide a fast lithium-ion transport tunnel to expand the reaction area. ,− Therefore, in addition to the bilayer fabric structure with better contact with the current collector, the formation of nanopores during the charge/discharge test is why such a long cycle life and high specific capacity can be achieved without binders and conductive agents. On the other hand, the TEM mapping (Figure e–g) shows that the phosphorus is distributed evenly in the pore structure after 1000 cycles of the lithiation/delithiation process, which proves that the SFLS method allows the phosphorus to be uniformly doped in SiNWs.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solution-Grown Phosphorus-Hyperdoped Silicon Nanowires/Carbon Nanotube Bilayer Fabric as a High-Performance Lithium-Ion Battery Anode

Chang

Tsai

Chen

2021

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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The solution synthetic method can produce large quantities of silicon nanowires (SiNWs) for various applications, such as energy storage, texturing and composites materials, etc. However, solution-grown SiNWs exhibit very low conductivity compared to chemical vapor deposition (CVD)-grown SiNWs due to their poor crystallinity or reaction byproducts such as insulating polysiliane or polyphenylsilane. Here, we report the large-scale synthesis of phosphorus-hyperdoped Si nanowires (PH-SiNWs) with atomic ratios of the P content ranging from 1 to 2 atom % via the tin(Sn)-seeded supercritical fluid–liquid–solid (SFLS) through the use of red P nanoparticles as dopant precursors. The resistivity of PH-SiNWs is 4.3 × 10–3 Ω·m, which is about 6 orders of magnitude lower than bulk silicon (Si) (1.86 × 103 Ω·m) and about 3 orders of magnitude lower than intrinsic SiNWs (1.19 Ω·m). PH-SiNWs can be assembled on fabrics used as active materials for lithium-ion batteries, and combined with carbon nanotube fabric as current collectors, the bilayer fabrics can be used as freestanding independent lithium-ion battery anodes without the need for binders and additive. The PH-SiNWs/carbon nanotube (CNT) bilayer fabric anode reaches 820 mAh g–1 after 1000 cycles at a charge/discharge rate of 2 A g–1, whereas the intrinsic SiNWs/CNT bilayer fabric only sustains its performance at the first 20 cycles. The PH-SiNWs/CNT bilayer fabric anode shows the first example of a solution-grown Si nanowire anode with a 1000-cycle life. The ex situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image shows that an evolved PH-SiNWs nanopore structure was formed after the cycle, whereas the intrinsic SiNWs anodes did not develop holes. This result can be attributed to the uniform doping of P in the Si nanowire, which enables the formation of nanopores for rapid lithium-ion transport tunnels.

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“…Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with excellent mechanical properties and high electrical conductivity are regarded as another hopeful carbon matrix to increase the overall behavior of Si-based materials [ 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ]. Currently, most of the reported Si/CNT anodes are synthesized by directly using expensive commercialized CNTs to mix with Si nanoparticles (Si NPs), causing increased production cost [ 37 , 38 , 39 ]. Moreover, it is difficult to achieve the uniform distribution between CNTs and Si NPs due to their large surface area [ 40 , 41 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible Carbon Nanotubes Confined Yolk-Shelled Silicon-Based Anode with Superior Conductivity for Lithium Storage

Han

Wang

et al. 2021

Nanomaterials

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The further deployment of silicon-based anode materials is hindered by their poor rate and cycling abilities due to the inferior electrical conductivity and large volumetric changes. Herein, we report a silicon/carbon nanotube (Si/CNT) composite made of an externally grown flexible carbon nanotube (CNT) network to confine inner multiple Silicon (Si) nanoparticles (Si NPs). The in situ generated outer CNTs networks, not only accommodate the large volume changes of inside Si NPs but also to provide fast electronic/ionic diffusion pathways, resulting in a significantly improved cycling stability and rate performance. This Si/CNT composite demonstrated outstanding cycling performance, with 912.8 mAh g−1 maintained after 100 cycles at 100 mA g−1, and excellent rate ability of 650 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1 after 1000 cycles. Furthermore, the facial and scalable preparation method created in this work will make this new Si-based anode material promising for practical application in the next generation Li-ion batteries.

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Three-dimensional carbon-coating silicon nanoparticles welded on carbon nanotubes composites for high-stability lithium-ion battery anodes

Cited by 54 publications

References 37 publications

Hierarchical Carbon Shell Compositing Microscale Silicon Skeleton as High-Performance Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Hierarchical Carbon Shell Compositing Microscale Silicon Skeleton as High-Performance Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Solution-Grown Phosphorus-Hyperdoped Silicon Nanowires/Carbon Nanotube Bilayer Fabric as a High-Performance Lithium-Ion Battery Anode

Flexible Carbon Nanotubes Confined Yolk-Shelled Silicon-Based Anode with Superior Conductivity for Lithium Storage

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