Three-Dimensional Catalytic Regeneration Modeling of SiC Diesel Particulate Filters

Abstract

Increasingly stringent diesel particulate emissions standards have reestablished international interest in diesel filters, whose first series application dates back to 1985. Modern diesel engine technology, with computerized engine management systems and advanced, common rail injection systems, needs to be fully exploited to support efficient and durable diesel filter systems with catalytic aids, as standard equipment in passenger cars. Efficient system and components’ optimization requires the use of mathematical models of diesel filter performance. The three-dimensional model for the regeneration of the diesel particulate filter presented in this paper has been developed as an engineering tool for the detailed design optimization of SiC diesel filters of modular structure. The 3-D modeling is achieved by interfacing an existing 1-D model to commercial finite element method software for the computation of the 3-D temperature field within the whole filter assembly, including the adhesive of the filter blocks, the insulation mat, and the metal canning. The 3-D model is applied to real-world component optimization studies of diesel filter systems.

Numerical investigation on the energetic performances of conventional and pellet aftertreatment systems in flow-through and reverse-flow designs

“…Specifically, within the last decades engine emissions have been reduced significantly adopting new aftertreatment strategies [1][2][3][4][5]. To this purpose, a host of investigations has been focused on oxidation catalysts (OC), diesel particulate filters (DPF), lean NO x traps (LNT), lean NO x catalysts (LNC), and selective catalytic reductions (SCR) [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Nevertheless, further improvements are necessary to meet the more and more stringent exhaust regulations, to improve the energetic effectiveness of modern emission control systems and to balance costs and fuel economy benefits.…”

A numerical analysis of energetic performances of active and passive aftertreatment systems

“…In the last few decades a host of experimental and numerical investigations have been carried out to increase the efficiency of aftertreatment systems and reduce engine tail pipe emissions [7][8][9][10][11][12]. Attention has been mainly focused on three-way catalysts (TWCs), oxidation catalysts (OCs), diesel particulate filters (DPFs), lean NO x traps (LNTs), lean NO x catalysts (LNCs) and selective catalytic reductions (SCRs) [13][14][15][16][17]. Specifically, a host of investigations demonstrated that, for stoichiometric spark ignition engines, three-way catalytic converters represent a proper and efficient method to control the pollutant emissions, as can be found in literature [7,[18][19][20].…”

Modeling and Asymptotic Analysis of Combustion of Solid Fuel Deposited over an Inert Porous Medium

“…Also the asymptotic solution predicts well the numerical solution. Table 1: Thermophysical properties used in the analysis and numerical computation c m (J/kg K) 1100 [31] c g (J/kg K) 1007 [44] λ g (W/m K) 0.026 [44] ρ m (kg/m 3 ) 1300 [31] ρ g (kg/m 3 ) 1.187 [44] Q (J/kg) 3.0×10 7 [31] A (kg/m 3 s) 1.2×10 11 [32] …”

“…We observe that in some processes combustion occurs with the active participation of the combustible porous medium, while in some cases combustion happens considering the same temperature of the phases or, use numerical computations to present their final results. On the other hand, numerous computational studies [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] have been published to understand the regeneration process of diesel particulate filters. Even though the models are sophisticated with many degrees of freedom but they require detailed input data such as exhaust gas velocity profiles or complex reaction kinetics.…”

“…Even though the models are sophisticated with many degrees of freedom but they require detailed input data such as exhaust gas velocity profiles or complex reaction kinetics. It should be noted that Pointikakis and Stamatelos [32] have mentioned in their paper that if we take out the chemical reactions submodel and consider the basic assumptions then the majority of the models in use today could be considered as extension of [23,24]. Since the regeneration of porous diesel particulate filter is important in technological point of view, the authors [27][28][29][30][31][32][33] investigate the oxidation of the deposit mass (or, deposit layer thickness) with respect to the time or axial distance to understand the regeneration process in detail.…”