Three-Dimensional Coating of SF/PLGA Coaxial Nanofiber Membranes on Surfaces of Calcium Phosphate Cement for Enhanced Bone Regeneration

Abstract

Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) have been widely used for the study of bone regeneration because of their excellent physical and chemical properties, but poor biocompatibility and lack of osteoinductivity limit potential clinical applications. To overcome these limitations, and based on our previous research, CPC scaffolds were prepared with CPC as the principal material and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a porogen to introduce interconnected macropores. Using a bespoke electrospinning auxiliary receiver, silk fibroin (SF)/poly­(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) coaxial nanofibers containing dexamethasone (DXM) and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP2) were fabricated which were coated on the surface of the CPC. By comparing the surface morphology by SEM, hydrophilicity, results of FTIR spectroscopy, and mechanical properties of the composite materials fabricated using different electrospinning times (20, 40, 60 min), the CPC surface constructed by electrospinning for 40 min was found to exhibit the most appropriate physical and chemical properties. Therefore, composite materials were built for further study by electrospinning for 40 min. The osteogenic capacity of the SF/PLGA/CPC, SF-DXM/PLGA/CPC, and SF-DXM/PLGA-rhBMP2/CPC scaffolds was evaluated by in vitro cell culture with rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and using a rat cranial defect repair model. ALP activity, calcium deposition levels, upregulation of osteogenic genes, and bone regeneration in skull defects in rats with SF-DXM/PLGA-rhBMP2/CPC implants were significantly higher than in rats implanted with the other scaffolds. These results suggest that drug-loaded coaxial nanofiber coatings prepared on a CPC surface can continuously and effectively release bioactive drugs and further stimulate osteogenesis. Therefore, the SF-DXM/PLGA-rhBMP2/CPC scaffolds prepared in this study demonstrated the most significant potential for the treatment of bone defects.

Multifunctional electrospun asymmetric wettable membrane containing black phosphorus/Rg1 for enhancing infected wound healing

“…Then the SR will remain stable and basically unchanged for 24 h. The high SR was mainly due to the high hydrophilicity (such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, and amino groups) of Gel and porous structure of membrane 31 . However, the low SR for the Gel/PLGA membrane was related to strong hydrophobicity of the PLGA 32 …”

“…31 However, the low SR for the Gel/PLGA membrane was related to strong hydrophobicity of the PLGA. 32 WVTR is a critical parameter of the dressing, which can maintain moisture microenvironment during wound healing. 33 As shown in Figure 1F, the measured WVTR values for Gel, PLGA, and Gel/PLGA were 3112, 1129, and 2252 g/m 2 Á24 h, respectively.…”

BMP‑2 alleviates heart failure with type 2 diabetes mellitus and doxorubicin‑induced AC16 cell injury by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome‑mediated pyroptosis

“…The compensatory neurohormonal, local renal effectors and how BMP-2 is involved in vasoconstrictor systems, including the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, require future study. A previous study has proven that rhBMP2 administration may stimulate osteogenesis (42). Since an increased expression of BMP2 and inactivation of NLRP3 inflammasome may inhibit diabetic cardiomyopathy in vitro and in vivo, the administration of rhBMP2 or NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors alone or in combination may therefore be potential treatments for diabetic cardiomyopathy.…”

Recent Advances in Designing Fibrous Biomaterials for the Domain of Biomedical, Clinical, and Environmental Applications

“…In another case, silk fibroin (SF)/PLGA coaxial nanofibers for bone regeneration, were developed, which were cranially implanted in a rat. The result demonstrated a new bone formation over 8 weeks . Similarly, silk fiber-based hydrogels were developed for bone regeneration .…”

“…The result demonstrated a new bone formation over 8 weeks. 126 Similarly, silk fiber-based hydrogels were developed for bone regeneration. 127 A 3D printed biodegradable PGSLP/gelatin fiber scaffolds were developed for angiogenesis and osteogenesis.…”