Three‐Dimensional Color/Power Doppler Sonography and HD live Silhouette Mode for Diagnosis of Molar Pregnancy

Abstract

We present our experience of using new 3-dimensional color/power Doppler sonography (HDliveFlow; GE Healthcare Japan, Tokyo, Japan) with the HD live silhouette mode for diagnosing complete molar pregnancy in the first trimester and differentiating it from missed abortion with hydropic degeneration. In the case of a complete mole, color Doppler sonography showed numerous vesicles without blood vessels, whereas HDliveFlow with the HD live silhouette mode clearly depicted these vesicles forming a mass with the clear demarcation of its edges and showed no blood flow inside the mass. In contrast to the hydropic abortion, which appeared as some vesicles with many blood vessels around them on color Doppler sonography, HDliveFlow with the HD live silhouette mode showed some vesicles embedded within the abundant blood vessels. The spatial relationship between the vesicles and surrounding highly vascularized uterus could be shown on HDliveFlow with the HD live silhouette mode. This technique might be beneficial as an additional diagnostic tool along with conventional color/power Doppler sonography, and it facilitates the early discrimination of these cases in the first trimester of pregnancy.

HDlive Flow Silhouette Mode for Fetal Heart

“…2), as well as that of peripheral blood vessels, placental abnormality, and gynecologic disorders, and so it is possible to not only spatially view these vessels but also visualize landmarks of adjacent structures. [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]…”

“…It allows more accurate assessments of the following: fetal heart and peripheral circulation, placental vasculature, and tumor vascularity in the presence of gynecologic disorders. [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] The use of HDlive to increase the resolution of 3D/4D color/power Doppler leads to a significant improvement in comparison with conventional 3D/4D color/power Doppler, facilitating clear visualization of fetal heart with great vessels, peripheral vessels, placental blood flow, and tumor blood flow in the presence of gynecologic disorders.…”

HDlive Flow for Diagnosis of Invasive Mole

“…The novel HDlive flow three-dimensional (3D) color/ power Doppler, HDlive flow with its adjustable light source facilitates spatial reconstruction of the fetal heart and associated vessels and the vascularity of tumors in gynecologic diseases. [2][3][4][5][6][7] The novel features of HDlive flow silhouette allow operators to distinguish between overlapping blood vessels and comprehend spatial relationships that exist among blood vessels and their surrounding structures. [8][9][10][11] To our best knowledge, no studies have been conducted on the HDlive flow or HDlive flow silhouette-based findings of an invasive mole.…”

HDlive Flow with HDlive Silhouette Mode for Diagnosis of Fetal Diaphragmatic Eventration

“…The use of HDlive Flow in conjunction with the HDlive silhouette mode facilitates the spatial visualization of blood vessels in both normal and abnormal fetal cardiovascular systems and in the presence of gynecologic disorders, combining the advantages of being able to spatially view these vessels and visualize landmarks of adjacent structures. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] In this report, we present our initial experience of using HDlive Flow with the HDlive silhouette mode for diagnosing fetal diaphragmatic eventration during pregnancy.…”