Three Dimensional End-to-End Modeling and Directivity Analysis for Graphene-Based Antennas in the Terahertz Band

Characterization and performance analysis of a chiral-metamaterial channel with Giant Optical Activity for terahertz communications

“…Starting from the classic harmonic macroscopic Maxwell's equations, we con-2 sider the electro-magnetic propagation inside a generic complex material, under 3 the assumption that it is a linear and chiral medium. 4 Unconventional materials (i.e., metamaterials) are specifically considered since 5 the GOA is reinforced by using thin metallic crossed-structure impurities in the 6 host dielectric medium, that is chiral-metamaterials [10]. Therefore, we consider 7 a time-harmonic generic linear material, where chiral (magneto/electric-optical) 8 effects are included in the following constitutive relations, written as: 10 where we remind that B is the magnetic displacement and H is the magnetic field, 11 as well as D is the electric displacement and E is the electric field.…”

“…where ω = 2πf , ε 0 , and µ 0 are the absolute permittivity and permeability, respec- 16 6 tively. Then, the constitutive parameters of interest are: 6 It is noted that the frequency resonant behavior of ξ r is a Drude-like one, and Ω ε , 7 Ω µ , Ω ξ , γ, and ω 0 are specific parameters of the GOA material [15]. 8 By simple computations, and assuming a lossy material, i.e.,…”

“…Technological de- 3 velopment pave the advent of new communication paradigms, such as the Internet 4 of NanoThings [1]. Following this trend, the THz frequency band is rising as a 5 very promising solution to enable ultra-high-speed communications with the aim 6 to overcome the spectrum scarcity and capacity limitations of current wireless sys- 7 tems. Advanced physical layer solutions are required, able to capture the specific 8 and inherent features of the THz frequency bands.…”

“…One of these properties is 3 the electro-magnetic chirality effect and the specific features of the propagation 4 medium. Chirality effect is the characteristic of some natural materials to ren- 5 der an electric/magnetic response (displacement) under a magnetic/electric exci- 6 tation (field), respectively. This effect can be recognized in the so-called natu- 7 ral/artificial chiral materials.…”

“…Specifically, they represent 3 the ideal candidates for operations in the THz band. In fact, in comparison to nat-4 ural materials, chiral-metamaterials show a strong response to the THz radiation 5 that represents a great technological potential in several sectors such as imaging, 6 sensing, and also communications. 7 In this paper, we focus on GOA chiral-metamaterials, derive the channel trans- 8 fer function and analyze its specific behavior in case of direct and multi-path prop- 9 agation, in the (4-10) THz frequency range [9].…”