Three-dimensional mesenchymal stem cell laden scaffold of icariin sustained-release for bone regeneration

Abstract

Background/aim Icariin (ICA)-loaded zein/PLGA nanofiber membrane combined with MSCs was prepared by coaxial electrospinning and bioelectrospraying. Materials and methods SEM and TEM were used to evaluate the surface morphology and microstructure of the fiber membrane. Ultraviolet spectrophotometry was used to detect drug release. A LIVE/DEAD Viability/Cytotoxicity Kit and fluorescence staining were used to detect cell morphology and activity. Alkaline phosphatase and calcium mineralization deposition were used to evaluate the osteoinductive activity of the scaffold. Dynamic mechanical analysis was used to determine the Young’s modulus, maximum load, and maximum elongation of the prepared scaffold. Western blot was used to detect the related protein expression in MSCs induced by drug-loaded scaffolds. Results Good mechanical properties and stability were observed in the prepared drug-loaded scaffolds. SEM showed that there were a considerable number of MSCs dispersed in the scaffold. MSCs were evenly distributed, could grow evenly between fibers, and were arranged orderly along the fibers. Sustained release of ICA confers cell laden scaffold higher ALP activity and ECM mineral deposition through Runx2, OPN and OCN pathways. Conclusion Isotropic sustained release of ICA grant cell laden scaffolds rapid bone regeneration compacity which can provide a good osteogenic environment for loaded MSCs.

Promoting osteogenesis and bone regeneration employing icariin-loaded nanoplatforms

“…Liu et al [ 98 ] implemented a novel method to create a 3D scaffold with ICA for bone regeneration. This approach involved the use of coaxial electrospinning and electrospraying techniques.…”

“…The controlled release of ICA within the scaffold facilitated increased ALP activity and deposition of ECM minerals in the MSCs. Consequently, this created a beneficial environment for osteogenic applications in BTE [ 98 ].…”

“…They also harnessed the power of coaxial electrospinning in their research on developing a 3D MSCs-laden scaffold for bone regeneration [ 98 ]. By encapsulating ICA within zein/PLGA nanofibers, they created a scaffold with excellent mechanical properties and stability.…”

“…The study not only demonstrated the biocompatibility of the nanofiber scaffolds but also underscored their potential in BTE. These scaffolds provided an osteogenic environment that encourages MSCs to contribute to bone formation [ 98 ].…”

Current research trends and foci of cell-laden scaffold based on bibliometrics and visualization analysis

“…By combining cells with scaffolds, researchers can create constructs that can be implanted into patients to restore function and structure to damaged tissues. Traditionally, cells were seeded onto the scaffolds after the scaffolds were fabricated [7]. In order to ensure that the cells are evenly distributed throughout the scaffold and that they adhere securely to the material, researchers tend to prepare cell-laden scaffolds during which cells were embedded into while the scaffolds were fabricated [8].…”