Three-dimensional microwave breast imaging using least electrical path method

Wang, Yifan; Abbosh, Amin

doi:10.1109/apmc.2013.6695011

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Hereafter, the first kind of multipath is named the "dispersive multipath," and the second kind "monochromatic multipath." When refractions occur in the path, the least-time method is often used alone to find refraction on the interface of two media [6], [17], [18], by which the propagation path is revealed. However, the least-time method is a misunderstanding of Fermat's principle.…”

Section: Formulation Of Psas Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Phase Shift and Sum Method for UWB Radar Imaging in Dispersive Media

Shao

McCollough

McCollough³

2019

IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn.

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A phase shift and sum (PSAS) algorithm to image objects in dispersive media is presented. The algorithm compensates the phase shift of the scattered field from the receiver to the source for each frequency component in an ultrawideband (UWB) and then integrates all the frequency responses. This method resolves the multispeed and multipath issue when UWB signals propagate in dispersive media. In addition, a multipath effect due to refraction on a curved boundary is also explored. By collecting data using a customized microwave measurement system of two different objects placed in a plastic graduated cylinder filled with glycerin, along the measured dielectric parameters of glycerin (a dispersive medium), highquality reconstructed images are formed using PSAS. Quantitative and qualitative comparisons with two other traditional time-shift radar-based microwave imaging algorithms for the same objects under test demonstrate the advantages of PSAS.Index Terms-Dispersive media, microwave imaging, microwave measurement, radar-based method, ultra-wideband (UWB).

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Section: Formulation Of Psas Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Phase Shift and Sum Method for UWB Radar Imaging in Dispersive Media

Shao

McCollough

McCollough³

2019

IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn.

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“…Due to the dielectric contrast in the air/body interface, the rays change their direction of propagation. Some authors have presented algorithms with refraction calculation validated in regular shapes [7], [8], but the impact in terms of image improvement and computational time added when refraction is calculated has not been assessed. Nevertheless, most medical dry MWI setups still assume direct path ray propagation and no one has yet quantified the impact this assumption may have on resulting images.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Refraction Effects in Dry Medical Microwave Imaging Setups

Godinho

Felício

Fernandes

et al. 2021

Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett.

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Dry Microwave Imaging (MWI) systems are more practical, hygienic and fast to operate since they do not require immersion liquid. However, the dielectric contrast between air and the part of the body under examination is larger, causing larger refraction effects. Including refraction in the image reconstruction algorithm significantly increases the computational effort, especially when imaging non-uniform shapes. Hence, our systematic study aims to evaluate the impact of neglecting refraction effects on MWI by using quantitative metrics and define objective guidelines that are lacking in the literature. We perform comparative studies with a spherical numerical phantom (which is typically used to represent simplified breast or head phantoms) by varying the phantom relative permittivity values between 4 and 40, metallic targets diameter between 5 and 15 mm, and the number of probing antennas. Additionally, the refraction effects are evaluated with anthropomorphic body phantoms representing a breast and the axillary region. We numerically and experimentally show that refraction tends to have greater impact on imaging results when phantom relative permittivity values exceed 8, while it has a minor effect in the remaining tested cases. This favours potential fast real-time image reconstruction. This study provides useful criteria to decide whether refraction should be considered or not for imaging reconstruction when developing new dry medical MWI setups.

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“…The dire need for prior information stems from the fact that solving inverse scattering problem is an expensive computational process that requires the estimation of a large number of unknowns (dielectric properties of tissues). In [9] the authors suggest estimating 'entry points' of signal into the object to aid a decluttering mechanism. Introducing the boundary of the imaged object to the imaging algorithm can enhance its detection accuracy by providing a more accurate propagation model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Operational Learning-based Boundary Estimation in Electromagnetic Medical Imaging

Al-Saffar,

Stancombe,

Zamani

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Incorporating boundaries of the imaging object as a priori information to imaging algorithms can significantly improve the performance of electromagnetic medical imaging systems. To avoid overly complicating the system by using different sensors and the adverse effect of the subject's movement, a learning-based method is proposed to estimate the boundary (external contour) of the imaged object using the same electromagnetic imaging data. While imaging techniques may discard the reflection coefficients for being dominant and uninformative for imaging, these parameters are made use of for boundary detection. The learned model is verified through independent clinical human trials by using a head imaging system with a 16-element antenna array that works across the band 0.7-1.6 GHz. The evaluation demonstrated that the model achieves average dissimilarity of 0.012 in Hu-moment while detecting head boundary. The model enables fast scan and image creation while eliminating the need for additional devices for accurate boundary estimation.

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Three-dimensional microwave breast imaging using least electrical path method

Cited by 6 publications

References 12 publications

A Phase Shift and Sum Method for UWB Radar Imaging in Dispersive Media

A Phase Shift and Sum Method for UWB Radar Imaging in Dispersive Media

Evaluation of Refraction Effects in Dry Medical Microwave Imaging Setups

Operational Learning-based Boundary Estimation in Electromagnetic Medical Imaging

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