Three-dimensional modeling and schlieren visualization of pure Ar plasma flow in inductively coupled plasma torches

Nagulin, K. Yu.; Akhmetshin, Damir Sh.; Gil'mutdinov, A. Kh.; Ибрагимов, Р. А.

doi:10.1039/c4ja00254g

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Multiple dimensional modelling has been a favourite topic of research over the years because the radial and axial inhomogeneity of many analytical plasmas requires more than simple line-of-sight optical probing. Nagulin et al 73 developed a four-dimensional model (spatial plus time) of an argon ICP torch using computational uid dynamics soware. The model took into account the nonstationary nature of the plasma and the physical processes taking place in it.…”

Section: Fundamentalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic spectrometry update: review of advances in atomic spectrometry and related techniques

Evans

Pisonero

Smith

et al. 2016

J. Anal. At. Spectrom.

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SUMMARY OF CONTENTS This review covers developments in 'Atomic Spectrometry'. It covers atomic emission, absorption, fluorescence and mass spectrometry, but excludes material on speciation and coupled techniques which is included in a separate review. It should be read in conjunctionwith the other related reviews in the series. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Sample introductionThis section covers developments in sample introduction for all instrumental methods. LiquidsLiquid sample introduction relates to methods wherein the sample is introduced into the instrument in the form of a liquid, such as through nebulization or into a thermal vaporizer; whereas in vapour generation the sample is initially in the form of a liquid but is converted to a vapour prior to introduction into the instrument. Sample pre-treatment.A general review of on-line preconcentration for ICP-MS has been published by Das et al. 7 , covering solid phase methods and including 63 references. Several reviews of sample pretreatment methods used for atomic spectrometry are worth noting because they focus on specific areas: Kocurova et al. 8and Jain and Verma 9 have reviewed advances in DLLME (53 references) and SDME (407 references) respectively; Zhao et al. the same authors studied the stability of the labelled complexes at different pH and temperature, and when subject to separation using LC. They reported a significant decrease in stability when LC separation was used, and some degradation at 37 °C compared to 2 °C.Li et al. An immunoassay-linked method using gold nano-particles has been developed by Jarujamrus et al. 33 . In this approach the monoclonal antibody-chloramphenicol was attached to a solid support. Antigen-chloramphenicol was labelled with gold nano-particles (10 nm) at pH 9.5, attached to a bovine serum albumin protein and mixed with unlabelled antigenchloramphenicol, which was then added to the antibody-chloramphenicol. for U and Th respectively in water samples.

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Section: Fundamentalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic spectrometry update: review of advances in atomic spectrometry and related techniques

Evans

Pisonero

Smith

et al. 2016

J. Anal. At. Spectrom.

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“…67−70 Schlieren imaging has also been adopted in the field of analytical chemistry research to visualize processes in the ionization techniques such as desorption electrospray ionization, 71 direct analysis in real time, 72 flowing atmospheric pressure afterglow, 73,74 and inductively coupled plasma. 75 In these applications, schlieren imaging served as a powerful tool to identify potential variables, evaluate mass transport efficiency, obtain a temperature profile, calculate air flow density, and verify the character of flow (turbulent vs. laminar). In some cases, images obtained by schlieren photography were used to characterize flow changes during the change of experimental parameters.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Speed Schlieren Imaging of Vapor Formation in Electrospray Plume

Li,

Prabhu,

Buchowiecki

et al. 2024

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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Previous mechanistic descriptions of electrosprays mostly focused on the dynamics of Taylor cones, initial droplets, and progeny droplets. However, vapor formation during droplet desolvation in an electrospray plume has not been discussed to a great extent. Here, we implement a double-pass on-axis schlieren high-speed imaging system to observe generation and propagation of vapors in an offline electrospray source under different conditions. Switching between turbulent and laminar vapor flow was observed for all of the scanned conditions, which may be attributed to randomly occurring disturbances in the sample flow inside the electrospray emitter. Calculation of mean vapor flow velocity and analysis of vapor flow patterns were performed using in-house developed image processing programs. Experiments performed at different electrospray voltages (0−6 kV), solvent flow rates (100−600 μL min −1 ), and methanol concentrations (50−100%), indicate only a weak dependency between electrospray voltage and mean vapor velocity, implying that the vapor is mostly neutral; thus, the vapor is not accelerated by electric field. On the other hand, electrospraying solutions of analytes (with mass 151 Da or 12 kDa) did not remarkably increase the overall vapor flow velocity. The source of vapor's velocity is attributed to the inertia of the electrospray droplets. Although there are some differences between a modern electrospray ionization (ESI) setup and the setup used in our experiment (e.g., using a higher flow rate and larger emitter), we believe the findings of our study can be projected to a modern ESI setup.

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“…However, this flexibility makes necessary to develop numerical models to investigate the effects of varying those parameters in order to reduce the need for expensive experimental “try & fail” approaches. For this purpose, several numerical models have already been presented in different studies . However, only few simulative works extensively rely on the use of experimental data, adopting an integrated approach to investigate the subjects studied therein .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this purpose, several numerical models have already been presented in different studies . However, only few simulative works extensively rely on the use of experimental data, adopting an integrated approach to investigate the subjects studied therein . Nevertheless, in order to obtain useful information for characterizing these processes, several diagnostic techniques can be employed to study RF discharges and jet impingement; among them High Speed Imaging (HSI), Schlieren Imaging (SI), and OES, provide data about the geometrical shape of the discharge, related turbulence phenomena, and its chemical species composition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1,2,8,[11][12][13][16][17][18][19][20] However, only few simulative works extensively rely on the use of experimental data, adopting an integrated approach to investigate the subjects studied therein. [8,20] Nevertheless, in order to obtain useful information for characterizing these processes, several diagnostic techniques can be employed to study RF discharges and jet impingement; among them High Speed Imaging (HSI), Schlieren Imaging (SI), and OES, [21][22][23] provide data about the geometrical shape of the discharge, related turbulence phenomena, and its chemical species composition. Therefore, industrial applications in which RF torches are implemented would benefit from an integrated approach, which relies both on numerical and experimental data, as it proves to be an effective tool to investigate and optimize the processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Simulative and Experimental Approach for the Design and Optimization of Atmospheric Pressure Low Power RF Thermal Plasma Processes

Traldi

Boselli

Gherardi

et al. 2016

Plasma Processes & Polymers

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Based on the comparison of simulative and experimental data, an approach is presented for the design and optimization of processes assisted by low power atmospheric pressure Radio Frequency (RF) thermal plasmas. High Speed Imaging (HSI), Schlieren Imaging (SI), and temperature measurement on the surface of the substrate are performed to characterize the effect of the interaction of the RF torch effluent with a substrate placed downstream of the torch outlet. The related processes are simulated in 2‐D axisymmetric and 3‐D domains for different operating conditions, for the plasma generation region and for the downstream region, respectively. The comparison of numerical and experimental results is used to in depth characterize and investigate the behavior of the effluent of the RF torch.

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Three-dimensional modeling and schlieren visualization of pure Ar plasma flow in inductively coupled plasma torches

Abstract: A three-dimensional, non-stationary model has been developed for simulating the behavior of pure Ar inductively coupled plasma (ICP) torches.

Cited by 13 publications

References 23 publications

Atomic spectrometry update: review of advances in atomic spectrometry and related techniques

Atomic spectrometry update: review of advances in atomic spectrometry and related techniques

High-Speed Schlieren Imaging of Vapor Formation in Electrospray Plume

A Simulative and Experimental Approach for the Design and Optimization of Atmospheric Pressure Low Power RF Thermal Plasma Processes

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