Three-Dimensional Modeling of an Ironmaking Blast Furnace with a Layered Cohesive Zone

Jiao, Lulu; Kuang, Shibo; Yu, Aibing; Li, Yuntao; Mao, Xiaoming; Xu, Hongxiang

doi:10.1007/s11663-019-01745-3

Cited by 42 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…In this work, a recently developed 3D steady-state multi-fluid model [27] is adopted. The validity of this model has been examined by simulating an experimental BF and an industrial BF under different operational conditions.…”

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this article, the particle size reduction is modeled and analyzed based on a recently developed 3D parallel BF process model. [27] New efforts are made by incorporating into this model: (1) the sinter reduction degradation based on Iwanaga's experimental data, [4] and (2) the coke size reduction due to reactions via a mass conservation equation. By means of this integrated BF process model, the effects of RDI value on the inner multiphase flows and thermochemical behaviors as well as the global performance of a 5000-m 3 BF are then studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CFD Modeling and Analysis of Particle Size Reduction and Its Effect on Blast Furnace Ironmaking

Jiao

Kuang

Liu

et al. 2020

Metall Mater Trans B

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Particle size reduction inevitably occurs inside ironmaking blast furnaces (BFs) but is not studied under BF conditions due to the lack of an effective tool. This paper simulates this phenomenon inside a 5000-m 3 commercial BF using a recently developed three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) process model. In particular, the sinter reduction degradation and coke gasification are modeled for considering the size reduction. By incorporating this information in the BF model, the in-furnace states and global performance are evaluated with respect to sinter reduction degradation index (RDI) under different conditions, e.g., keeping a constant blast rate or gas pressure drop. The results show that with increasing RDI, the bed permeability deteriorates, and there exists a critical value of RDI beyond which the decreased bed permeability leads to a significant drop in productivity for a given gas pressure drop. However, this problem can be mitigated substantially by charging more coke particles at the furnace periphery under the conditions considered. The proposed approach offers an extended capability to model and control BF operations.

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Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CFD Modeling and Analysis of Particle Size Reduction and Its Effect on Blast Furnace Ironmaking

Jiao

Kuang

Liu

et al. 2020

Metall Mater Trans B

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It can be seen that the mentioned models [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ] differ from each other not only in the method used but mostly in the type and place of input data collection. The less intrusive the measure, the more sophisticated the modeling methods used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calculation of Coke Layers Situation in the Cohesive Zone of Blast Furnace

2021

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Coke is the only batch component that does not soften in blast furnace thermal conditions. It is especially important at the temperatures of the cohesive zone forming because coke layers are the only gas-permeable charge. The aim of the work described in this article is the identification of individual coke layers situation in the cohesive zone. Numerical calculations of the cohesive zone situation are based on the horizontal below burden probe measures, however, coke layers are calculated using analytical geometry. The results can be presented as a bitmap; the individual and total area of the coke layers passing gases through the cohesive zone is also calculated. This form of results allows for subjective but quick assessment of the blast furnace operation by its crew.

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“…Most recent CFD studies demonstrate that, with regard to the wettability of the packed bed, the geometry of the bed has a significant effect on the interface dynamics, leading to the co-existence of complex interfaces; thus, the change in wettability leads to various interfacial movements that are unidentified under static conditions. Molten slag flow in a packed coke bed was investigated by using the three-dimensional combined discrete element method (DEM) and CFD [12][13][14]. A series of two-dimensional [15,16] and three-dimensional [17] high-resolution direct numerical simulations were also conducted with the aim of understanding the pore-scale fluid dynamics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Study of Binary Trickle Flow of Liquid Iron and Molten Slag in Coke Bed by Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics

et al. 2020

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In the bottom region of blast furnaces during the ironmaking process, the liquid iron and molten slag drip into the coke bed by the action of gravity. In this study, a practical multi-interfacial smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) simulation is carried out to track the complex liquid transient dripping behavior involving two immiscible phases in the coke bed. Numerical simulations were performed for different conditions corresponding to different values of wettability force between molten slag and cokes. The predicted dripping velocity changes and interfacial shape were investigated. The relaxation of the surface force of liquid iron plays a significant role in the dripping rate; i.e., the molten slag on the cokes acts as a lubricant against liquid iron flow. If the attractive force between the coke and slag is smaller than the gravitational force, the slag then drops together with the liquid iron. When the attractive force between the coke and slag becomes dominant, the iron-slag interface will be preferentially detached. These results indicate that transient interface morphology is formed by the balance between the momentum of the melt and the force acting on each interface.

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Three-Dimensional Modeling of an Ironmaking Blast Furnace with a Layered Cohesive Zone

Cited by 42 publications

References 57 publications

CFD Modeling and Analysis of Particle Size Reduction and Its Effect on Blast Furnace Ironmaking

CFD Modeling and Analysis of Particle Size Reduction and Its Effect on Blast Furnace Ironmaking

Calculation of Coke Layers Situation in the Cohesive Zone of Blast Furnace

Numerical Study of Binary Trickle Flow of Liquid Iron and Molten Slag in Coke Bed by Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics

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