Three-Dimensional Moisture Diffusion in Graphite/Epoxy Laminates

Blikstad, Mårten

doi:10.1177/073168448600500102

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…It is reported that the rate of moisture diffusion in FRP increased with increasing temperatures. 16, 17 Blikstad 18 showed that the temperature dependence of moisture diffusion is anisotropic for fiber-reinforced composites. However, it has been noted that the equilibrium moisture content seems to be insensitive to temperatures, for example, in Zhang et al 10 and Loos and Springer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The data are then fitted with different diffusion models. One-dimensional (1D) Fickian model has been commonly used to predict the moisture diffusion in fiber-reinforced composites, and some good correlations with experimental data have been reported, see, for example, Browning et al 9 and Katzman et al 26 In some studies, a general threedimensional (3D) Fickian model is used to describe the moisture diffusion in thick composite laminates, for example, Blikstad 18 and Yu and Pochiraju. 27 Blikstad et al 12 compared both 1D and 3D Fickian models and reported that a 3D solution has a better agreement with experiments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diffusion of water in glass fiber reinforced polymer composites at different temperatures

Fan

Gomez

Ferraro

et al. 2018

Journal of Composite Materials

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This study examines the effects of temperature and fiber and matrix diffusivities on the diffusion of fluid in glass fiberreinforced polymer composites. Glass fiber-reinforced polymer thin plates were immersed in deionized water at two temperatures: room temperature and 50 C. During the diffusion process, the overall mass changes and dimension changes were recorded, which relate to the volumetric change and the through-the-thickness strain. Different constitutive models are considered in order to understand the diffusion of fluid through the glass fiber-reinforced polymer plates. The macroscopic models of this work, Fickian and Gurtin coupled deformation-diffusion, are first considered in order to describe the macroscopic diffusion behaviors. Two microscopic models that include fiber volume contents and diffusivities of the constituents (fiber and matrix) are then considered in order to gain fundamental insight into the effects of microstructural morphologies and constituents' diffusivities on the diffusion process in the glass fiber-reinforced polymer specimens.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffusion of water in glass fiber reinforced polymer composites at different temperatures

Fan

Gomez

Ferraro

et al. 2018

Journal of Composite Materials

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“…2 To obtain the water diffusion coefficients in a material as heterogeneous as a composite, we have to consider the presence of at least three different phases: the epoxy matrix, the fibers and the epoxy matrix-fiber interface. It is well known that carbon fibers do not absorb humidity appreciably [2]; furthermore, Blikstad [3] recently in his review of the diffusion data on graphiteepoxy type composites [4], found that the diffusivities (at 50 ~ and R.H. between 70 and 98 %) along the fiber direction were about ten times larger than the diffusivities normal to the fiber directions: he suggested that these differences were in part due to diffusion, via high diffusivity paths, in the fiber-matrix interface.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A thermal study on moisture absorption by epoxy composites

Flor

Campari-Vigano

Feduzi

1989

Journal of Thermal Analysis

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The water sorption kinetics of an epoxy matrix-carbon fiber composite with different degrees of polymerization was studied. It was observed that the diffusion coefficients, determined perpendicularly to the fiber direction, are increased by increasing the cure degree. Only a small portion of the bonded water is released when the specimen are heated to 200 ~ The effects of moisture on some properties of the composite were also investigated. The Tg values determined on fully polymerized samples, show lowerings of 70 degrees; moreover, the plasticization power of the bonded water increases on decrease of the temperature of conditioning of the specimens.Finally, the water present in the matrix considerably reduces the thermal stability of the composite.Owing to their very high mechanical strength and lightness, composites are becoming very popular materials in the aerospace, aeronautical, electronic and automotive industries.The mechanical properties and thermal stabilities of the epoxy-based composites are negatively affected by their high sensitivity to humidity. The water absorbed is in part linked by hydrogen-bonds to the epoxy matrix, and in part may be incorporated along the cracks present and in the fiber-matrix interface [1]. Therefore, in order to predict the long-term behaviour of such composites, it is necessary to study quantitatively their interactions with moist environments.In this paper, some aspects of the absorption of moisture by high-performance graphite fiber-epoxy composites have been investigated. In particular, the following goals were pursued: a) determination of the maximum moisture content absorbed at different temperatures and partial pressures of water; b) the water absorption kinetics and evaluation of the water diffusion coefficient for the diffusion-controlled stage; c) the influence of the moisture absorption processes on the mechanical properties and thermal stabilities of these materials.

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“…Based on this, it can be hypothesized that an increase in the exposed fiber-matrix interfacial area would increase the rate of absorption of water by a PMC. 1,5 It has also been suggested that high pressure could increase this transport of water significantly accelerating the overall water uptake of the composite.…”

Section: -mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Water on the Mechanical Properties of a Glass-Epoxy Matrix Composite

Stoudt¹,

Escalante²,

Ricker³

1991

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OMNo 0p4-o188 la REPORT SECURITY CLASSIFICATION Ib RESTRICTIVE MARKINGS None 2a SECURITY CLASSIFICATION AUTHORITY 3 DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY OF REPORT 2b DECLASSIFICATION /DOWNGRADING SCHEDULE 4 PERFORMING ORGANIZATiON REPORT NUMBER(S) S MONITORING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER(S) 6a NAME OF PERFORMING ORGANIZATION 6b OFFICE SYMBOL 7a. NAME OF MONITORING ORGANIZATION National Institute of Standard3 (if applicable) Office of Naval Research and Technology 6c ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIPCode) 7b ADDRESS(City, State, and ZIP Code) Corrosion Group Building 223/B254

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Three-Dimensional Moisture Diffusion in Graphite/Epoxy Laminates

Cited by 18 publications

References 9 publications

Diffusion of water in glass fiber reinforced polymer composites at different temperatures

Diffusion of water in glass fiber reinforced polymer composites at different temperatures

A thermal study on moisture absorption by epoxy composites

The Influence of Water on the Mechanical Properties of a Glass-Epoxy Matrix Composite

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