Three dimensional nanofibrous and compressible poly(L-lactic acid) bone grafts loaded with platelet-rich plasma

Abstract

In this study, nanofibrous matrices of poly(L-lactic acid)-hydroxyapatite (PLLA-HAp) were successfully fabricated by three-dimensional (3D) electrospinning for use in the treatment of irregular bone damages. Compressibility analysis showed that 3D nanofibrous grafts occupied at least 2-fold more volume than their 2D form and they can easily take shape of the defect zone with irregular geometry. Moreover, the compression moduli of the PLLA and PLLA-HAp grafts were calculated as 8.0 ± 3.0 kPa and 11.8 ± 3.9 kPa, respectively, while the strain values of the same samples at the maximum load of 600 kPa were 164 ± 28% and 130 ± 20%, respectively. Treatment of the grafts with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution increased the surface roughness and thus the alloplastic graft materials (PLLA-HAp/M) protecting the fiber morphology were produced successfully. Then, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) was loaded into the surface modified grafts and activated with 10% calcium chloride. The efficiency of the activation was evaluated with flow cytometry and it was found that after activation the percentages of CD62 (P-selectin) and CD41/61 (glycoprotein IIb/IIIa) proteins increased approximately 4-fold. Surface hydrophilicity and biological activity of the PLLA-HAp grafts were enhanced by fibrin coating after PRP activation. The in vitro cell culture studies which were carried out by using mouse pre-osteoblasts (MC3T3-E1) showed that graft materials supported by PRP increased cellular proliferation and osteogenic differentiation significantly. The in vivo results demonstrated that compared with bare PLLA-HAp/M grafts, the PRP loaded grafts (PRP-PLLA-HAp/M) induced significantly greater bone formation based on computed tomography, histological and immunohistochemical analyses. Our findings suggest that 3D PLLA nanofibrous matrices can be used as a graft material for irregular bone defects especially when combined with PRP as an osteogenic induction agent.

Nanofiber configuration affects biological performance of decellularized meniscus extracellular matrix incorporated electrospun scaffolds

“…Fiber anisotropy dictates cell orientation on electrospun scaffolds [15,23]. Pore size and porosity determine cell infiltration into electrospun scaffolds and subsequently affect the biomechanical properties of cellseeded scaffolds [24]. Cultivated cells secrete extracellular matrix on electrospun scaffolds, which reinforce the tensile strength and stiffness of cell-seeded constructs.…”

3D printed polylactic acid/gelatin-nano-hydroxyapatite/platelet-rich plasma scaffold for critical-sized skull defect regeneration

“…While, the application of PRP and HA/ZrO 2 had no synergistic effects that may be due to attribution to the species, gel versus liquid administration, and the method of HA preparation rather than the ineffectiveness of such a combination. Furthermore, a 3D nanofibrous PLLA-HA was developed by Koc et al [ 58 ] and used for the irregular bone damage treatment. Then, PRP was applied into the surface modified grafts and activated.…”

Recent Achievements in the Development of Biomaterials Improved with Platelet Concentrates for Soft and Hard Tissue Engineering Applications

“…These results were also confirmed by radiographical analysis as 75-100% bone formation in the group treated with In/HAp/Col + BMSCs + PRP was determined on 56 days postimplantation. In turn, Koc et al [196] fabricated a 3D electrospun biomaterial composed of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) and HAp, which was then modified by the addition of PRP. An in vitro study included an evaluation of the viability and osteogenic differentiation of mouse preosteoblasts cultured on biomaterial.…”