Three-Dimensional Observation of Collagen Framework of Intervertebral Discs in Rats, Dogs and Humans

Inoue, Hajime

doi:10.1679/aohc1950.36.39

Cited by 28 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Our SEM images of the cut and teased surfaces of the disc allowed examinations of the fibrous architecture of the three different parts of the disc (Inoue 1973, Takeda 1975. Sylvkn et al (1951) demonstrated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) that the collagen fibrils of the nucleus measure 170-1260 A in diameter and that the periodicity is 560-712 A in width.…”

Section: Intervertebral Discs Of Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Dimensional Observation of Collagen Framework of Lumbar Intervertebral Discs

Inoue

Takeda

1975

Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica

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Section: Intervertebral Discs Of Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Dimensional Observation of Collagen Framework of Lumbar Intervertebral Discs

Inoue

Takeda

1975

Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica

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“…The IVDs occupy approximately one-third of the entire length of the spine (Hansen, 1952) and their purpose is to provide both stability and flexibility to the vertebral column (Inoue, 1973, Hansen, 1952. Each IVD is composed of three distinct compartments: the central nucleus pulposus (NP), the outer annulus fibrosus (AF) and the cartilaginous vertebral endplates (EP) (Hansen, 1952, Bray, 1998.…”

Section: Literature Overview Anatomy Of the Intervertebral Discmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The AF surrounds the NP ventrally, dorsally and laterally and consists of multiple fibrous lamellae which are able to glide over each other during mechanical loading, thereby making them able to resist stretching/tearing forces (Hansen, 1952, Bray, 1998. These lamellae have been shown to increase in thickness from the inner to the outer layers of the AF (Inoue, 1973). In human IVDs, the fibrous lamellae of the inner one third of the AF are interconnected with the EP whereas the lamellae of the outer two thirds are anchored directly into the vertebral bodies, i.e the bone tissue (Inoue, 1981) although some authors consider this to be calcified cartilage (Roberts et al, 1989).…”

Section: Literature Overview Anatomy Of the Intervertebral Discmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is also suggested that the IVD acts as a shock-absorber between adjacent vertebrae during cranio-caudal compression of the IVD, as the energy is absorbed through radial displacement of the NP and secondary dilation of the AF (Inoue, 1973, Takeuchi et al, 1999, Bray, 1998, Hansen, 1952. There are however other publications indicating that the IVD has limited shock absorbing function and that this action is mainly achieved by the epaxial musculature (Hukins, 1988).…”

Section: Function Of the Intervertebral Discmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The intervertebral disc (IVD) is an important and versatile part of the canine spine, providing both stability and flexibility during movement (Inoue, 1973, Hansen, 1952, Hukins, 1988. Degeneration of the IVD can be part of the normal aging process and degenerated IVDs are common incidental findings in clinically healthy dogs (Brisson, 2010, Hansen, 1952, da Costa et al, 2006.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Myth of Fibroid Degeneration in the Canine Intervertebral Disc: A Histopathological Comparison of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration in Chondrodystrophic and Nonchondrodystrophic Dogs

et al. 2017

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The myth of fibroid degeneration in the canine intervertebral disc -A histopathological comparison of disc degeneration in chondrodystrophic and nonchondrodystrophic dogs Myten om fibroid degeneration i hundens intervertebraldiskerEn histopatologisk jämförelse av diskdegeneration mellan chondrodystrofa och icke chondrodystrofa hundar Tove Hansen Supervisor: Niklas Bergknut, Department of Clinical Sciences Examiner: Ragnvi Hagman, Department of Clinical Sciences Degree Project in Veterinary Medicine SUMMARYIn the 1950's, the veterinary pathologist, Hans-Jörgen Hansen noticed several dissimilarities between so called chondrodystrophic and non-chondrodystrophic dog breeds regarding intervertebral disc degeneration and related diseases. Chondrodystrophic breeds are characterized by disproportionally short extremities due to disturbances in the endochondral ossification whereas non-chondrodystrophic breeds have normal bodily constitutions. The two breed types often differ regarding age of onset of disease, spinal location and severity of clinical signs. He also noted different histopathological patterns during the course of degeneration, foremost in the centre of the intervertebral disc, the nucleus pulposus. Due to this, he named the degenerative processes chondroid metamorphosis and fibroid metamorphosis in chondrodystrophic and non-chondrodystrophic breeds respectively. In general, chondroid metamorphosis refers to the replacement of the original cell type (the notochordal cell) with chondrocyte-like cells, whereas the fibroid metamorphosis refers to replacement of these cells with fibrocyte-like cells. This distinction has since then been an accepted distinction between the two breed types. However, more recent studies indicate that the histopathological patterns are more similar in the two breed types than previously described, and that the chondroid metamorphosis might be the degenerative process taking place in both breed types.In this study the histopathological appearances of 42 intervertebral discs from 16 chondrodystrophic and 17 non-chondrodystrophic dogs in early stage intervertebral disc degeneration were examined. After midsagittal transection of the spines, the intervertebral discs were graded macroscopically between one and three on a five-grade scale (the Thompson grading scheme). Subsequently, each intervertebral disc was individually fixated in formalin and decalcified in EDTA. After decalcification, the intervertebral discs were embedded in paraffin, sliced with a microtome and stained with Hematoxilin and Eosin and Alcian Blue/Picrosirius Red. The histological samples were thereafter graded according to a histological grading scheme (the Boos grading scheme) after which the histological scores were compared between chondrodystrophic and non-chondrodystrophic dogs.The results showed that there was a significant difference in total histological scores between chondrodystrophic and non-chondrodystrophic dogs in the two lowest macroscopical grades of degeneration. Chondrodystrophic dogs had a highe...

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Human intervertebral disc: Structure and function

1988

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This review begins with a brief introduction in which the development, blood supply and innervation of the intervertebral disc is considered, particularly as these may influence the following sections on structure and function. The three regions within the disc--that is, the nucleus pulposus, annulus fibrosus, and cartilage end plates--are considered in some detail. There appears to be no distinct border between the central nucleus pulposus and the outer annulus fibrosus, the main difference being in their fibrous structure. The fluid space is important in the nutrition of the disc, showing plastic deformation and recovery characteristics. The structural elements, both macroscopically and microscopically, together with the biochemical elements, are intimately related to function. The intervertebral disc should not be though of as a homogeneous and static structure; it has a heterogeneous composition and responds dynamically to applied loads. Neither should it be considered as an isolated structure because it interacts with the vertebral bodies, together constituting the vertebral unit. Furthermore, changes within the disc can, and do, have dramatic effects on vertebral column kinematics. The intervertebral disc is not inactive; it is capable of self-maintenance; in injury it can repair itself and has considerable regenerative properties.

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Three-Dimensional Observation of Collagen Framework of Intervertebral Discs in Rats, Dogs and Humans

Cited by 28 publications

References 13 publications

Three-Dimensional Observation of Collagen Framework of Lumbar Intervertebral Discs

Three-Dimensional Observation of Collagen Framework of Lumbar Intervertebral Discs

The Myth of Fibroid Degeneration in the Canine Intervertebral Disc: A Histopathological Comparison of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration in Chondrodystrophic and Nonchondrodystrophic Dogs

Human intervertebral disc: Structure and function

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