Three-dimensional photonic crystal with a stop band from 135 to 195???m

Fleming, J. G.; Lin, Shawn‐Yu

doi:10.1364/ol.24.000049

Cited by 295 publications

(175 citation statements)

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“…Recently, a photonic crystal with a full threedimensional ͑3D͒ band gap at 1.55 m wavelength was reported by Fleming and Lin. 4 In addition to this major breakthrough, the same structure was previously fabricated at millimeter wave and microwave frequencies, 5,6 where a number of photonic crystal based applications were demonstrated. 7 Among these applications, there is a great deal of growing interest for photonic crystal-based antennas.…”

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confidence: 99%

Photonic crystal-based resonant antenna with a very high directivity

Temelkuran

Bayındır

Özbay

et al. 2000

Journal of Applied Physics

177

107

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We investigate the radiation properties of an antenna that was formed by a hybrid combination of a monopole radiation source and a cavity built around a dielectric layer-by-layer three-dimensional photonic crystal. We measured a maximum directivity of 310, and a power enhancement of 180 at the resonant frequency of the cavity. We observed that the antenna has a narrow bandwidth determined by the cavity, where the resonant frequency can be tuned within the band gap of the photonic crystal. The measured radiation patterns agree well with our theoretical results. © 2000 American Institute of Physics. ͓S0021-8979͑00͒03601-X͔ Photonic crystals, in which electromagnetic ͑EM͒ wave propagation is forbidden in all directions for a certain range of frequencies, have a wide range of applications extending from microwave to optical frequencies. 1-3 However, the fabrication of photonic crystals at optical frequencies was a major challenge since the invention of these materials nearly a decade ago. Recently, a photonic crystal with a full threedimensional ͑3D͒ band gap at 1.55 m wavelength was reported by Fleming and Lin. 4 In addition to this major breakthrough, the same structure was previously fabricated at millimeter wave and microwave frequencies, 5,6 where a number of photonic crystal based applications were demonstrated. 7 Among these applications, there is a great deal of growing interest for photonic crystal-based antennas. 8,9 The reported experimental and theoretical studies on the antenna applications mostly made use of the total reflection property of photonic crystals. The antennas mounted on photonic crystal substrate surfaces exhibited high efficiency and directivity compared to conventional antennas on dielectric substrates. 10 Although high directivities which could be achieved using array antennas on photonic crystals were suggested, 11 the maximum directivity that was demonstrated by Brown and McMahon using a photonic crystal-based single dipole antenna was 10, along with a radiative gain of 8. 10 One other important property of photonic crystals is that by breaking the periodicity of the crystal, one can create resonant cavities. Resonant cavity enhanced detectors 12 and waveguide applications 13 were recently demonstrated using localized modes of the cavities built around photonic crystals. In this letter, we report a photonic crystal-based resonant antenna with a very high directivity and gain. The antenna was formed by a hybrid combination of a monopole radiation source and a cavity built around a dielectric 3D layer-by-layer photonic crystal.The layer-by-layer dielectric photonic crystal we used in our experiments was designed to have a three-dimensional band gap with a midgap frequency around 12 GHz. 13 We used the output port of a microwave network analyzer and a monopole antenna to obtain EM waves. The monopole antenna was constructed by removing the shield around one end of a microwave coaxial cable. The cleaved center conductor, which also acted as the radiation source, was 6 mm long. The chosen ...

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confidence: 99%

Photonic crystal-based resonant antenna with a very high directivity

Temelkuran

Bayındır

Özbay

et al. 2000

Journal of Applied Physics

177

107

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“…These`layer-bylayera photonic crystals have now matured to the point of reaching into the farinfared, e.g. a structure displaying a stop-band between 1.35 and 1.95 m was demonstrated recently [18].…”

Section: -D Photonic Crystals In the Optical Regimementioning

confidence: 99%

Photonic crystals in the optical regime â past, present and future

Krauss

Rue

1999

Progress in Quantum Electronics

445

141

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During the last decade, photonic crystals, also known as photonic microstructures or photonic bandgap structures, have matured from an intellectual curiosity concerning electromagnetic waves to a "eld with real applications in both the microwave and optical regime. In this review, we shall focus on progress and the prospects for semiconductor structures that mainly involve guided modes interacting with periodic structures, but we also evaluate alternative material systems and fabrication methods, e.g. those based on self-organisation. We shall go from basic concepts, via a discussion of the state of the art, to device applications. Naturally, the discussion of the applications will be more speculative, but we attempt to evaluate the real prospects o!ered by photonic crystals at optical frequencies while considering practical limitations. In doing so, we identify a variety of areas such as the combination of quantum dot light emitters with photonic crystals that seem particularly promising. We discuss the prospects for enhanced light}matter interactions in photonic crystals and the related material and design issues. Overall, the aim of this review is to introduce the reader to the concepts of photonic crystals, describe the state of the art and attempt to answer the question of what uses these peculiar structures may have.

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“…The electric field in translationally symmetric dielectric structures may, in general, be written in the form (11) where the complex field distribution represents the th complex eigensolution related to the wavenumber vector . These field distributions for the electric field are derived from the numerically calculated solutions for the magnetic field using the usual relation (12) With the formulation (11), the position-dependent density of states (4) may be written (13) The usual density of states may, correspondingly, be written (14) In-plane photonic bandgaps can be defined using the in-plane density of states, which correspond to (14), where only the -vectors with no component normal to the plane are summed over, i.e.,…”

Section: Model For Spontaneous Emission In 2-d Photonic Crystal Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, 3-D periodic structures with photonic bandgaps at optical and near-infrared wavelengths have been successfully demonstrated [11], [12]. The fabrication of 3-D periodic structures with bandgaps at optical frequencies is, however, very difficult by today's technology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%