Three-dimensional porous photo-thermal fiber felt with salt-resistant property for high efficient solar distillation

Zhang, Jingjing; Luo, Xueqing; Zhang, Xiaoxin; Xu, Ying; Xü, Hongbo; Zuo, Jinlong; Li, Dongmei; Cui, Fuyi; Wang, Wei

doi:10.1016/j.cclet.2020.10.004

Cited by 30 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…It has been widely reported about the performance of graphite felt in solar water evaporation even as single or in bi‐layered systems 15‐17 . Graphite felt alone as single‐layer evaporator has been reported by Shen et al 15 who studied the material performance in thermo‐electrochemical cells to take advantage of the process for energy production, they reported a relatively low seawater evaporation of 1.1 kg h −1 m −2 and 61% of efficiency; we have observed that graphite felt alone has low floatability and gets completely wet after some minutes, then a high heat loss to liquid water on the top surface is present, which can explain the low evaporation and efficiency observed by those authors.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 53%

“…[15][16][17] Graphite felt alone as singlelayer evaporator has been reported by Shen et al 15 who studied the material performance in thermoelectrochemical cells to take advantage of the process for energy production, they reported a relatively low seawater evaporation of 1.1 kg h À1 m À2 and 61% of efficiency; we have observed that graphite felt alone has low floatability and gets completely wet after some minutes, then a high heat loss to liquid water on the top surface is present, which can explain the low evaporation and efficiency observed by those authors. Therefore, to overcome these drawbacks, some researchers have studied the graphite felt performance combining it with polymers of good floatability and salt rejection, for example, Zhang et al 17 reported the polymerization of dopamine over graphite felt to obtain a hydrophobic composite of graphite felt/polydopamine which was placed on a polymeric foam for both, thermal insulation, and floatation. These authors achieved 1.48 kg h À1 m À2 of seawater evaporation and 1.28 kg h À1 m À2 of a 10% NaCl aqueous solution with good stability in the long term with low salt grains deposition on the top-surface of evaporator.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microwave expanded graphite felt coated with sulfonated polystyrene as light absorber and self‐floating in photothermal water desalination

Ovando‐Medina

Escobar‐Villanueva

Martínez‐Gutiérrez

et al. 2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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Summary Porous supports based on microwave expanded graphite felt (Grph) coated with sulfonated polystyrene (S‐PSty) were prepared and tested in photothermal seawater desalination. Self‐floating supports of Grph@S‐PSty were analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), FTIR and UV/Vis spectroscopies, and their morphology determined by SEM. It was observed that supports consisted of woven graphite fibers of approximately 20 μm in diameter well coated with the S‐PSty, where micropores in the range of 1 to 8 μm were formed due to microwave irradiation exposure, and thermal conductivity of support was almost three times lower than original graphite felt. The UV/Vis analysis showed that supports have a wide absorption light range in the UV/Vis‐NIR spectrum with more than 92% of light absorption. Pure water evaporation efficiency using Grph@S‐PSty supports was studied as a function of the amount of S‐PSty coating the graphite felt and different power density of incident light. The best support was that prepared with a S‐PSty solution at 0.5% (wt/v) expanded 2.5 seconds under microwave irradiation achieving 1.57 kg h−1 m−2 of evaporation rate and 99.0% of efficiency under 1 sun of illumination, therefore, this support was tested in water desalination (3.5% NaCl) with multiple evaporation cycles, achieving 1.57 kg h−1 m−2 of evaporation rate and 99% of efficiency, demonstrating that this material can be used for desalination at low cost. The system was also tested in the evaporation of NaCl aqueous solution at different concentrations to determine the stability at very high salt concentrations, achieving the same evaporation rate and efficiency at NaCl concentrations as high as 12% without salt build‐up on the top surface, demonstrating the material viability under extreme conditions. Novelty statement Self‐floatable substrates based on graphite felt and sulfonated polystyrene were prepared. Graphite@S‐PSty supports were used in photothermal water evaporation and desalination. Thermal efficiency of 99% and 1.57 kg h−1 m−2 of evaporation rate were reached. Very low salt accumulation was observed in the long‐term evaporation.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave expanded graphite felt coated with sulfonated polystyrene as light absorber and self‐floating in photothermal water desalination

Ovando‐Medina

Escobar‐Villanueva

Martínez‐Gutiérrez

et al. 2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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“…Seawater desalination provides additional freshwater to alleviate water crisis that is caused by rapid population growth, industrialization, and contamination of available freshwater resources. − In recent years, reverse osmosis (RO) has been used as the most energy-efficient technology for seawater desalination, and it has grown rapidly all over the world. − However, RO is not capable of treating hypersaline water that has a salinity of more than 70 g/L, because the excessive osmotic pressure needs to be overcome . A large amount of concentrated seawater with high salinity (approximately twice that of the seawater) is discharged from the conventional RO process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Three-Dimensional Welded Nanofibrous Membranes for Robust Membrane Distillation of Concentrated Seawater

Zhong

Han

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Membrane distillation (MD) is a promising technology for treating the concentrated seawater discharged from the desalination process. Interconnected porous membranes, fabricated by additive manufacturing, have received significant attention for MD technology because of their excellent permeability. However, their poor hydrophobic durability induced by the deformation of pores constrains their water desalination performance. Herein, an in situ three-dimensional (3D) welding approach involving emulsion electrospinning is reported for fabricating robust nanofibrous membranes. The reported method is simple and effective for welding nanofibers at their intersections, and the reinforced membrane pores are uniform in the 3D space. The results show that the in situ 3D welded nanofibrous membrane, with a stability of 170 h and water recovery of 76.9%, exhibits better desalination performance than the nonwelded (superhydrophobic) nanofibrous membrane and the postwelded (superhydrophobic) nanofibrous membrane. Furthermore, the stability mechanism of the in situ 3D welded nanofibrous membrane and the two different wetting mechanisms of the nonwelded and postwelded nanofibrous membranes were investigated in the current work. More significantly, the in situ 3D welded nanofibrous membrane can further concentrate the actual concentrated seawater (121°E, 37°N) to crystallization, demonstrating its potential applications for the desalination of challenging concentrated seawater.

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“…Due to which CuS/CPM can accelerate the evaporation of water inside it; the NaCl concentration in CuS/CPM is higher than that in bulk water. Therefore, the concentration difference between CuS/CPM and water causes the salt inside CPM to diffuse into the bulk water, and NaCl does not crystallize on the surface of CuS/CPM Figure c shows that the mechanical toughness remains almost constant after long-term use.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the concentration difference between CuS/CPM and water causes the salt inside CPM to diffuse into the bulk water, and NaCl does not crystallize on the surface of CuS/CPM. 54 Figure 8c shows that the mechanical toughness remains almost constant after long-term use.…”

Section: P /mentioning

confidence: 93%

Photothermal Membrane of CuS/Polyacrylamide–Carboxymethyl Cellulose for Solar Evaporation

Wang

Sun

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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Solar water evaporation is an environment-friendly and clean way of wastewater treatment and seawater desalination. However, a solar evaporator based on a hydrogel substrate still needs excellent toughness to ensure continuous and stable utilization while achieving a fast evaporation rate. In this research, a solar evaporator based on a dual network hydrogel was fabricated by double chemical cross-linking, consisting of polyacrylamide (PAAm), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and CuS. By utilizing N,N′methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) and Fe 3+ for a double chemical cross-linking agent, PAAm and CMC (PAAm−CMC) formed an interpenetrating dual network structure, which is helpful to improve the mechanical properties of a photothermal membrane. The breaking elongation of a CuS/PAAm−CMC membrane is 480%. Meanwhile, the hydrophilic network ensured the high efficiency of water transmission and water activation. The evaporation rate reached 1.613 kg m −2 h −1 at 1 sun, and the photothermal conversion efficiency reached 79%. In the process of a simulated desalination experiment (10 wt % NaCl solution), the evaporation rate did not decrease after 10 cycles, indicating the self-cleaning ability and good durability of CuS/PAAm−CMC.

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Three-dimensional porous photo-thermal fiber felt with salt-resistant property for high efficient solar distillation

Cited by 30 publications

References 34 publications

Microwave expanded graphite felt coated with sulfonated polystyrene as light absorber and self‐floating in photothermal water desalination

Microwave expanded graphite felt coated with sulfonated polystyrene as light absorber and self‐floating in photothermal water desalination

In Situ Three-Dimensional Welded Nanofibrous Membranes for Robust Membrane Distillation of Concentrated Seawater

Photothermal Membrane of CuS/Polyacrylamide–Carboxymethyl Cellulose for Solar Evaporation

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