Three-dimensional skeletal and pharyngeal airway changes following therapy with functional appliances in growing skeletal Class II malocclusion patients

Alhammadi, Maged Sultan; Elfeky, Hanem Younes; Fayed, Mona M. Salah; Ishaq, Ramy Abdul Rahman; Halboub, Esam; Almashraqi, Abeer A

doi:10.1007/s00056-019-00185-7

Cited by 29 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…More recent studies assessed the effects on the pharyngeal airways of several functional appliances, both fixed and removable. [20][21][22][23] The results of these studies were mostly similar to the data reported in the systematic reviews and showed that, in the three-dimensional evaluation of the pharyngeal airway, both fixed 20,21 and removable appliances 22 are effective in increasing airway dimensions, above all at the oropharyngeal level. A study that used magnetic resonance for the evaluation of the upper airways, instead, found no effects of both Twin Block and Herbst appliance.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Previous studies, using both 2D and 3D imaging, demonstrated that Class II functional appliances might be able to increase pharyngeal airway passage dimensions in young patients by posturing forward the mandible. 22,23,31,32 In this retrospective analysis, although the nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal linear dimensions were significantly increased after treatment with the Sander BJA, F I G U R E 2 Cephalometric analysis and landmarks. 3 reported an increase in the nasopharyngeal airways in Class II patients treated with an activator.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

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Short‐term effects of the Sander bite‐jumping appliance on the pharyngeal airways in subjects with skeletal Class II malocclusion: A retrospective case‐control study

Rongo

Martina

Bucci

et al. 2020

J of Oral Rehabilitation

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Summary Background Skeletal Class II subjects present often a retruded mandible that might increase the probability of breathing disorders. Objective To evaluate the effects of functional treatment by means of the Sander bite‐jumping appliance (BJA) on the upper airways of growing subjects. Methods Thirty‐four subjects (21 males, 13 females; mean age 11.1 ± 1.2 years) with skeletal Class II malocclusion due to mandibular retrusion were treated with the Sander BJA (BJA group). The control group consisted of thirty‐four untreated subjects with skeletal Class II malocclusion (25 males, 9 females; 10.4 ± 1.2 years; CTR group). The effect of the Sander BJA appliance on the airway dimensions was evaluated by comparing lateral cephalograms recorded before (T0) and after (T1) the period of observation/treatment. Within‐ and between‐group comparisons were statistically evaluated according to the distribution of the data (P < .05). Results The oropharyngeal region (ph_pph) increased in the BJA group (1.8 ± 3.2; P = .001) but the difference respect to the CTR group was not statistically significant (0.73 ± 4.0; P = .314; P = .077). The tongue height (th) increased in the BJA group (2.8 ± 3.7; P < .001), and this increase was statistically significant respect to the CTR group (0.6 ± 4.7; P = .461; P = .038). In the BJA, the Ans_Pns_P angle showed a statistically significant decrease (−3.8 ± 7.8; P = .007) compared to the CTR group (−0.1 ± 5.4; P = .705; P = .026). Conclusions The airway dimensions increased for both control subjects and Class II patients treated with Sander BJA due to physiological growth. The Sander BJA induced a statistically significant change in the tongue and soft palate position, but the clinically relevant of these changes is questionable.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Short‐term effects of the Sander bite‐jumping appliance on the pharyngeal airways in subjects with skeletal Class II malocclusion: A retrospective case‐control study

Rongo

Martina

Bucci

et al. 2020

J of Oral Rehabilitation

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“…All 20 included studies [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48] were nonrandomized (Table 1), with only 4 studies (20%) being prospective. All studies were conducted within a university setting (one jointly with a hospital) in 9 different countries (Brazil, Egypt, India, Italy, Pakistan, Spain, Sweden, Turkey, and the United States of America).…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orthopedic Treatment for Class II Malocclusion with Functional Appliances and Its Effect on Upper Airways: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

Bidjan

Sallmann

Eliades

et al. 2020

JCM

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Aim of this systematic review was to assess the effects of orthopedic treatment for Class II malocclusion with Functional Appliances (FAs) on the dimensions of the upper airways. Eight databases were searched up to October 2020 for randomized or nonrandomized clinical studies on FA treatment of Class II patients with untreated control groups. After duplicate study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment according to Cochrane guidelines, random effects meta-analyses of mean differences (MDs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were performed, followed by subgroup/meta-regression analyses and assessment of the quality of evidence. A total of 20 nonrandomized clinical studies (4 prospective/16 retrospective) including 969 patients (47.9% male; mean age 10.9 years) were identified. Orthopedic treatment with FAs was associated with increased oropharynx volume (MD = 2356.14 mm3; 95% CI = 1276.36 to 3435.92 mm3; p < 0.001) compared to natural growth. Additionally, significant increases in nasopharynx volume, minimal constricted axial area of pharyngeal airway, and airway were seen, while removable FAs showed considerably greater effects than fixed FAs (p = 0.04). Finally, patient age and treatment duration had a significant influence in the effect of FAs on airways, as had baseline matching and sample size adequacy. Clinical evidence on orthopedic Class II treatment with FAs is associated with increased upper airway dimensions. However, the quality of evidence is very low due to methodological issues of existing studies, while the clinical relevance of increases in airway dimensions remains unclear.

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“…Als bildgebende Verfahren zur Untersuchung des extrathorakalen Luftraumes finden sich in diversen Publikation [11][12][13][14] sowohl 2-dimensionale (2D) als auch 3-dimensionale (3D) bildgebende Verfahren. Die Fernröntgenseitenaufnahme (FRS) [15] ist die klassische 2-dimensionale Bildgebung, digitale Volumentomografie (DVT) [11,12], Computertomografie (CT) [13] sowie Magnetresonanztomografie (MRT) [14,16] sind gängige 3-dimensionale Verfahren. Daneben können weiterhin Simulationstechniken [17,18] genannt werden, zu deren Anwendung ein 3-dimensionaler Datensatz des zu untersuchenden Bereich des extrathorakalen Luftraumes benötigt wird.…”

Section: Bildgebende Verfahren Und Simulationstechnikenunclassified

Die Bedeutung des extrathorakalen Luftraumes für die Kieferorthopädie

Hourfar

Kinzinger

Lisson

2020

Informationen aus Orthodontie & Kieferorthopädie

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ZusammenfassungDer „Extrathorakale Luftraum“ findet im klinischen Alltag des Kieferorthopäden sowohl bei der Fallplanung als auch bei der Therapie kaum Beachtung. Ziel dieses Beitrages ist es deshalb, Anatomie, Historie, unterschiedliche Definitionen, bildgebende Verfahren sowie Simulationstechniken des extrathorakalen Luftraumes darzustellen. Ohne kritische Aspekte zu vernachlässigen, werden therapeutische Maßnahmen mit möglichen Auswirkungen auf den extrathorakalen Luftraum, ausgewählte Studienergebnisse sowie interdisziplinäre Implikationen aufgezeigt, auch um die Relevanz des Themas für den Kliniker hervorzuheben.

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Three-dimensional skeletal and pharyngeal airway changes following therapy with functional appliances in growing skeletal Class II malocclusion patients

Cited by 29 publications

References 34 publications

Short‐term effects of the Sander bite‐jumping appliance on the pharyngeal airways in subjects with skeletal Class II malocclusion: A retrospective case‐control study

Short‐term effects of the Sander bite‐jumping appliance on the pharyngeal airways in subjects with skeletal Class II malocclusion: A retrospective case‐control study

Orthopedic Treatment for Class II Malocclusion with Functional Appliances and Its Effect on Upper Airways: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

Die Bedeutung des extrathorakalen Luftraumes für die Kieferorthopädie

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