Three dimensional solid-state supercapacitors from aligned single-walled carbon nanotube array templates

Hierarchical carbon nanotube membrane with high packing density and tunable porous structure for high voltage supercapacitors

“…Supercapacitor has advantage of high power density, rapid charging and discharging, without the loss of efficiency, and very long cycling stability [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13], and therefore, found applications in initializing the wind turbine or heavy vehicles. However, the energy density based on supercapcitor cell is only 5-6 W h/kg as using activated carbon (AC) as the electrode, which is unable to meet the use in battery-supercapacitor combination system for future pure electrical or hybrid vehicles.…”

“…However, the energy density based on supercapcitor cell is only 5-6 W h/kg as using activated carbon (AC) as the electrode, which is unable to meet the use in battery-supercapacitor combination system for future pure electrical or hybrid vehicles. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) [2,3,6,7,10,12,13] represented one of the most promising candidates of AC, since CNTs have higher chemical stability than AC as operated above 3 V and the predominant exohedral surface of CNTs [4] favors the quick accumulation and transport of electrolyte ions so as to increase the performance of quick charge and discharge under high currents [2,3,9,14]. But the randomly packed network of CNTs had a porosity of 90% or above, which resulted in the lower packing density (100-250 kg/m 3 ) of CNTs [11,15] as compared to that (400-650 kg/m 3 ) of AC powders.…”

Tailoring the Mechanical Properties of High‐Aspect‐Ratio Carbon Nanotube Arrays using Amorphous Silicon Carbide Coatings

“…[1][2][3][4][5] The exceptional properties of CNTs and related materials have triggered tremendous efforts not only to study their intrinsic properties but also to explore their applications in a large variety of fi elds. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] These high-aspect-ratio 3D structures play an important role in the advancement of vertical interconnect technology, [14][15][16][17] fl exible batteries, [ 3 ] stamps for micro/nanoimprint lithography, [ 2,[18][19][20][21] compliant thermal interface materials for low inter-facial resistances, [22][23][24][25] 3D super-capacitors [ 26,27 ] and nano/micro-electromechanical systems (NEMS) and (MEMS). [ 1,[28][29][30] The CNT arrays that we refer to in this work are composed of nominally vertical, interwoven, multi-wall carbon nanotubes.…”

The Future of Energy Storage Systems

“…Unfortunately the specific surface area of CNT (< 500 m 2 /g) is much smaller than that of activated carbons ( 1,000Ű3,000 m 2 /g) [32,70], resulting in lower energy density for the capacitor (in average between 1Wh/kg and 10Wh/kg) [52]. This, together with their limited availability and high cost, currently limits their usage [52].…”