Three-dimensional spiral CT scanning in children with acute torticollis

A Case Report of Manipulation Under Anesthesia of Posttraumatic Type II Occipital-Atlantoaxial Rotatory Subluxation in a 4-Year-Old Girl

“…In our prior cases, plain firm were arranged first, but little information was obtained. 7 With these 3 plain views, a distance discrepancy between the dens and the lateral masses of atlas in the open-mouth view can only give us impressions of atlantoaxial rotatory subluxation. In this case, we did not order plain films but 3D CT scans instead.…”

Atlantoaxial Rotatory Subluxation With Ankylosis in an 11-Year-Old Girl

“…Spiral CT scan of the upper cervical spine with multiplanar reformations enables precise analysis of the C0 -C1 and C1-C2 relationships. 3,7,8 The anterior shift of the atlas with respect to the axis can be measured to classify the deformity according to Fielding and Hawkins classification. 1 High-resolution CT images also allow precise evaluation of the osseous changes in case of long-lasting evolution.…”

“…Atlantoaxial rotatory subluxation may be seen following cervical trauma but may also occur in many other clinical conditions such as upper respiratory tract infection (Grisel syndrome), head and neck surgery, intracranial posterior fossa tumor, syringomyelia, and upper cervical bone infection or tumor. [1][2][3] It can also be associated with predisposing conditions such as Marfan syndrome, Down syndrome, or juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. 4 -6 According to Fielding and Hawkins, 1 rotatory fixations are classified into four types of increasing seriousness.…”

Atlanto‐axial subluxation (Grisel’s syndrome) associated with mumps

“…9 The CT scan with 3-D reconstruction is thought to be helpful in diagnosing the atlanto-axial subluxation. 10 Grisel's syndrome is a very rare complication of mumps. The key to adequate management is early diagnosis.…”