Materials and Methods Purification of IP3R.A membrane fraction was prepared from rat cerebella (17), resuspended (50 mg͞ml in 50 mM Tris͞1 mM EDTA, pH 8.3), and solubilized by the addition of 1% Triton X-100. After centrifugation (100,000 ϫ g for 60 min), the supernatant, supplemented with 250 mM NaCl, was loaded onto an Econopac heparin column (1 ml, Bio-Rad), washed with 25 ml of medium A (50 mM Tris͞250 mM NaCl͞10% glycerol, pH 8.3), supplemented with 1 mM EDTA, 1% Surfact-Amps X-100 (Pierce), and then with medium A supplemented with 0.1% Surfact-Amps X-100 (50 ml). IP 3 R was eluted from the heparin column directly onto a 2-ml Con A-agarose column (Sigma) by using medium A supplemented with 0.1% Surfact-Amps X-100 and 50 M decavanadate (18). After washing with 150 ml of medium B (50 mM Tris͞100 mM NaCl͞10% glycerol͞0.1% Surfact-Amps X-100, pH 8.3), IP 3 R was eluted by overnight incubation with 4 ml of medium B containing 800 mM methyl mannopyranoside (17). To assess the quaternary structure of the purified receptor, 0.2-ml fractions of the final eluate were loaded onto linear 10-30% sucrose gradients (10 ml) in 50 mM Tris͞1 mM EDTA͞0.1% Surfact-Amps X-100, pH 8.3, and centrifuged (134,000 ϫ g for 60 min). Gradients were calibrated by using a high-molecular-weight gel filtration standards kit (Amersham Biosciences). Size-exclusion HPLC was preformed by using a Zorbax GF-450 column (Jones Chromatography, Lakewood, CO) coupled to a Kontron system (Kontron Instruments, Watford, U.K.). All media included the following mixture of protease inhibitors: 150 nM aprotinin, 1 M pepstatin, 20 g͞ml soybean trypsin inhibitor, 1 mM benzamidine, 250 M PMSF, 250 M captopril, and 1 M bestatin.