Three dimensional thermal model development and validation for lithium-ion capacitor module including air-cooling system

Soltani, Mehdi; Berckmans, Gert Jan; Jaguemont, Joris; Ronsmans, Jan; Kakihara, Shouji; Hegazy, Omar; Mierlo, Joeri Van; Omar, Noshin

doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2019.03.023

Cited by 40 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The heat equation for the tab domain is as follows ( Karimi et al., 2021 ):

Where R [Ω], I [A], V tab [V],

[Ωm], l [m], and S [m 3 ] represent the tab resistance, current, volume, resistivity, length, and cross-sectional area. Besides the heat generation equations, the energy balance equation is vital to explain the transient thermal distribution that occurs inside the LiC, which can be expressed as follows ( Soltani et al., 2019 ):

…”

Section: Numerical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

A hybrid thermal management system for high power lithium-ion capacitors combining heat pipe with phase change materials

Karimi

Hosen

Behi

et al. 2021

Heliyon

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Lithium-ion capacitor (LiC) technology is an energy storage system (ESS) that combines the working mechanism of electric double-layer capacitors (EDLC) and lithium-ion batteries (LiB). When LiC is supposed to work under high power applications, the inevitable heat loss threatens the cell's performance and lifetime. Therefore, a proper thermal management system (TMS) can remove the generated heat of the LiC during high cycling conditions. In this paper, a hybrid TMS (HTMS) using phase change materials (PCM) and six flat heat pipes is proposed to maintain the temperature profile below 40 °C under a high current rate of 150 A for 1400 s profile without any pause. Two K-type thermocouples (T1 & T2) are responsible for monitoring the experiments' temperature evolution in the experiments. Numerical analysis is also performed and verified with experimental results to analyze the temperature profile numerically. The experimental and numerical simulation comprises three case studies, including the cell's temperature under natural convection, temperature distribution when using the heat pipe TMS, and temperature distribution when using HTMS. The results reveal that the HTMS is an exceptionally robust cooling system since it reduces the T 1 temperature by 35% compared to the natural convection case study, while the heat pipe TMS can reduce the T 1 temperature by 15% compared to the same case study.

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“…The heat equation for the tab domain is as follows ( Karimi et al., 2021 ):

Where R [Ω], I [A], V tab [V],

…”

Section: Numerical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

A hybrid thermal management system for high power lithium-ion capacitors combining heat pipe with phase change materials

Karimi

Hosen

Behi

et al. 2021

Heliyon

Self Cite

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“…Active cooling systems are categorized into air cooling [19] and liquid cooling systems [20]. The air cooling method is simple with low cost, but its thermal performance is low [21]. Liquid cooling method is the most promising active cooling system with high cooling efficiency, but the system's maintenance costs and possible leakage are among their disadvantages [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithium-Ion Capacitor Lifetime Extension through an Optimal Thermal Management System for Smart Grid Applications

et al. 2021

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A lithium-ion capacitor (LiC) is one of the most promising technologies for grid applications, which combines the energy storage mechanism of an electric double-layer capacitor (EDLC) and a lithium-ion battery (LiB). This article presents an optimal thermal management system (TMS) to extend the end of life (EoL) of LiC technology considering different active and passive cooling methods. The impact of different operating conditions and stress factors such as high temperature on the LiC capacity degradation is investigated. Later, optimal passive TMS employing a heat pipe cooling system (HPCS) is developed to control the LiC cell temperature. Finally, the effect of the proposed TMS on the lifetime extension of the LiC is explained. Moreover, this trend is compared to the active cooling system using liquid-cooled TMS (LCTMS). The results demonstrate that the LiC cell temperature can be controlled by employing a proper TMS during the cycle aging test under 150 A current rate. The cell’s top surface temperature is reduced by 11.7% using the HPCS. Moreover, by controlling the temperature of the cell at around 32.5 and 48.8 °C, the lifetime of the LiC would be extended by 51.7% and 16.5%, respectively, compared to the cycling of the LiC under natural convection (NC). In addition, the capacity degradation for the NC, HPCS, and LCTMS case studies are 90.4%, 92.5%, and 94.2%, respectively.

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“…On the other hand, supercapacitors (SCs) are high-power ESSs with a very long cycle life but very low energy density [5]. In this context, to overcome the drawbacks of the LiBs and SCs, new hybrid technology has emerged with higher energy density than the SCs, and higher power density than the LiBs, which is called lithium-ion capacitor (LiC) [6]. However, the performance of the LiCs depends highly on temperature [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holistic 1D Electro-Thermal Model Coupled to 3D Thermal Model for Hybrid Passive Cooling System Analysis in Electric Vehicles

et al. 2021

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Thermal management is the most vital element of electric vehicles (EV) to control the maximum temperature of module/pack for safety reasons. This paper presents a novel passive thermal management system (TMS) composed of a heat sink (HS) and phase change materials (PCM) for lithium-ion capacitor (LiC) technology under the premise that the cell is cycled with a continuous 150 A fast charge/discharge current rate. The experiments are validated against numerical analysis through a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. For this purpose, a comprehensive electro-thermal model based on an equivalent circuit model (ECM) is designed. The designed electro-thermal model combines the ECM model with the thermal model since the performance of the LiC cell highly depends on the temperature. Then, the robustness of the model is evaluated using a precise second-order ECM. The extracted parameters of the electro-thermal model are verified by the experimental results in which the voltage and temperature errors are less than ±5% and ±4%, respectively. Finally, the thermal performance of the HS-assisted PCM TMS is studied under the fast charge/discharge current rate. The 3D CFD results exhibit that the temperature of the LiC when using the PCM-HS as the cooling system was reduced by 38.3% (34.1 °C) compared to the natural convection case study (55.3 °C).

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Three dimensional thermal model development and validation for lithium-ion capacitor module including air-cooling system

Cited by 40 publications

References 25 publications

A hybrid thermal management system for high power lithium-ion capacitors combining heat pipe with phase change materials

A hybrid thermal management system for high power lithium-ion capacitors combining heat pipe with phase change materials

Lithium-Ion Capacitor Lifetime Extension through an Optimal Thermal Management System for Smart Grid Applications

Holistic 1D Electro-Thermal Model Coupled to 3D Thermal Model for Hybrid Passive Cooling System Analysis in Electric Vehicles

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