Three-dimensional thermal noise imaging

Tischer, Christian; Altmann, Stephan M.; Fisinger, Samo; Hörber, J. K. H.; Stelzer, Ernst H. K.; Florin, Ernst‐Ludwig

doi:10.1063/1.1423404

Cited by 68 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The ability to measure the instantaneous velocity of a Brownian particle will be invaluable in studying nonequilibrium statistical mechanics [85,86]. The Brownian motion of a suspended particle can be used for microrheology to probe the properties of fluids, such as viscoelastic fluids [87][88][89], and surrounding environments [90][91][92]. He recently developed general methods to control the motion of atoms and molecules, and studied Brownian motion with unprecedented precision.…”

Section: Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

Brownian motion at short time scales

2013

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Brownian motion has played important roles in many different fields of science since its origin was first explained by Albert Einstein in 1905. Einstein's theory of Brownian motion, however, is only applicable at long time scales. At short time scales, Brownian motion of a suspended particle is not completely random, due to the inertia of the particle and the surrounding fluid. Moreover, the thermal force exerted on a particle suspended in a liquid is not a white noise, but is colored. Recent experimental developments in optical trapping and detection have made this new regime of Brownian motion accessible. This review summarizes related theories and recent experiments on Brownian motion at short time scales, with a focus on the measurement of the instantaneous velocity of a Brownian particle in a gas and the observation of the transition from ballistic to diffusive Brownian motion in a liquid.

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Section: Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

Brownian motion at short time scales

2013

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“…It is also extensively used in multipixel measurements, either with split-detectors or quadrant detectors, to measure submicrometer displacements, for example of nanoscale fluorophores in biological samples [12] and in Atomic Force Microscopy [13], and ultra-small absorptions by the mirage effect [14].…”

Section: A Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum noise in multipixel image processing

et al. 2005

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We consider the general problem of the quantum noise in a multipixel measurement of an optical image. We first give a precise criterium in order to characterize intrinsic single mode and multimode light. Then, using a transverse mode decomposition, for each type of possible linear combination of the pixels' outputs we give the exact expression of the detection mode, i.e. the mode carrying the noise. We give also the only way to reduce the noise in one or several simultaneous measurements.

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“…Imaging metallic or plasmonic structures will be challenging in PBM because these samples can highly perturb TIR illumination as well as strongly interact with NPs. We believe that PBM's parallel scanning scheme much facilitates to visualize network nanostructures or biological objects compared with the demonstration of those by PFM with a single trapped particle [8,9].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, precise shaping of the tip geometry by etching [5,6] or functionalization with carbon nanotubes [7] enables SPM to image nanostructures with a higher aspect ratio, but the technique still cannot image 3D overhanging structures and cavities, as well as soft samples like biological materials. This limited imaging capability was well addressed by photonic force microscopy (PFM) [8,9] that replaces the conventional stiff probe with an optically trapped, sub-micron-sized particle as a soft probe. While PFM demonstrated truly 3D imaging of transparent (biological) objects, its imaging speed dependent on a single probe is still inherently slow.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional nanoscale imaging by plasmonic Brownian microscopy

et al. 2017

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Three-dimensional (3D) imaging at the nanoscale is a key to understanding of nanomaterials and complex systems. While scanning probe microscopy (SPM) has been the workhorse of nanoscale metrology, its slow scanning speed by a single probe tip can limit the application of SPM to wide-field imaging of 3D complex nanostructures. Both electron microscopy and optical tomography allow 3D imaging, but are limited to the use in vacuum environment due to electron scattering and to optical resolution in micron scales, respectively. Here we demonstrate plasmonic Brownian microscopy (PBM) as a way to improve the imaging speed of SPM. Unlike photonic force microscopy where a single trapped particle is used for a serial scanning, PBM utilizes a massive number of plasmonic nanoparticles (NPs) under Brownian diffusion in solution to scan in parallel around the unlabeled sample object. The motion of NPs under an evanescent field is three-dimensionally localized to reconstruct the superresolution topology of 3D dielectric objects. Our method allows high throughput imaging of complex 3D structures over a large field of view, even with internal structures such as cavities that cannot be accessed by conventional mechanical tips in SPM.

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Three-dimensional thermal noise imaging

Cited by 68 publications

References 11 publications

Brownian motion at short time scales

Brownian motion at short time scales

Quantum noise in multipixel image processing

Three-dimensional nanoscale imaging by plasmonic Brownian microscopy

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