Three‐Dimensional Transesophageal Echocardiography in the Anatomical Assessment of Isolated Parachute Mitral Valve in an Adult Patient

Abstract

Parachute mitral valve (PMV) is a rare congenital anomaly of the mitral valve apparatus usually evidenced in infants and young children. Adult presentation is extremely rare and is generally mild in terms of mitral stenosis. A 73-year-old woman was admitted to the emergency department due to progressive dyspnea, with NYHA functional class IV symptoms on presentation. The echocardiographic examination identified a PMV with moderate mitral stenosis and a secondary smaller subvalvular mitral orifice. The report shows the usefulness of three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography in the detection and quantification of this rare anomaly.

Isolated parachute mitral valve in a 29 years old female; a case report

“…In recent years, two new isolated PMV cases has been reported in two 40- and 73-year-old females accompanying moderate to severe mitral regurgitation and moderate mitral stenosis, respectively. 7 , 8 …”

Clinical and morphological features of malformations of the mitral valve complex

“…До 2010г зарегистрировали 9 случаев "парашютообразного" МК у взрослых [50]. Частота развития аномалии составляла при аутопсии 0,6% при ВПС при клиническом исследовании -0,21-0,42% случая.…”

Parachute‐Like Mitral Valve with Symptomatic Stenosis—Imaging with Transthoracic and Transesophageal Three‐Dimensional Echocardiography and Treatment Implications

“…In the presence of single papillary muscle, the valve is described as true parachute MV and when two muscles are detected as parachute‐like MV. Isolated form of PLMV accounts for less than 1% and documented number of adults is sparse …”

“…Isolated form of PLMV accounts for less than 1% and documented number of adults is sparse. [1][2][3][4] Simultaneous visualization of this complex anatomy and function is markedly enhanced using focused high-resolution 3D acquisition of the valve, allowing for improved perception of unusual valve anatomy, multiplanar image reformatting, and unbiased quantification, which is important for individualized treatment choices.…”