Three dimensional visualisation of velocity profiles in the normal porcine pulmonary trunk

Somod, L.; Jm, Hasenkam; Kim, Won Yong; Nygaard, Hans; Pk, Paulsen

doi:10.1093/cvr/27.2.291

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…In certain respects, out data correspond to those obtained by other in vivo studies [13,18,[20][21][22][23]. One diameter downstream of the pulmonary valve, a systolic skewed velocity profile with the highest velocities at the inferior to right superior vessel wall was found in all cases during systole.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…They used MR-velocity mapping in their patients and described rotation of the velocity profile from 90 ° to 180 ° during systole in the midportion of the pulmonary artery. In our previous study [13] where bot-film anemometry was used, we found a rotation similar to the one seen in this study but slightly more complex as the velocity profile tended to have an initial and final clockwise rotation of 25°-30 ° in the late acceleration phase and in the early deceleration phase, respectively. The less pronounced rotational phenomena in the present study might have been caused by the smaller number of measuring points used to cover the crosssectional area (41 vs 17 points).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Pigs were also chosen due to out earlier experience with this laboratory animal [13,29]. Because of the geometry of the main pulmonary artery we refrained from using "anterior to posterior" in our nomenclature as it has been used by others.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a previous study performed by out group [13], we used the invasive, non-direction-sensitive hot-film anemometer technique to describe the systolic velocity profile one diameter downstream of the normal porcine pulmonary valve. We observed a skewed velocity profile, which rotated counterclockwise and clockwise during systole.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Axial development of velocity fields in the porcine main pulmonary artery system

et al. 1994

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Summary. The aim of this study was to provide detailed data on velocity profile development in the normal porcine main pulmonary artery and its main branches. Under spontaneous hemodynamic conditions in twelve open-chest 90kg pigs, perivascular pulsed Doppler ultrasound was used for blood velocity measurements in the entire cross-sectional area in three axial locations in the main pulmonary artery and along one diameter in the main branches, Computerized threedimensional visualizations of the spatial and temporal development of velocity profiles were made throughout the heart cycle. The results were similar orte and two diameters downstream of the pulmonary valve. In the early systolic acceleration phase, the velocity profile became skewed, with the highest velocities (132.7 ___ 19.4cm. sec -1) towards the inferior to right superior vessel wall, and rotated counterclockwise 45°-90 ° during the late acceleration to early deceleration phase in 9 out of 11 pigs. Maximum retrograde velocities (31.4 + 14.9cm • sec -I) were observed at the inferior to the right superior vessel wall in the late systolic deceleration phase and in early diastole. During diastole, low retrograde to insignificant antegrade velocities were observed. Immediately upstream of the pulmonary bifurcation, the velocity profile disclosed two peaks at locations corresponding to the two main branches. A confined area with retrograde velocities was seen at the right vessel wall in late systole. Low-scale antegrade velocities were observed throughout diastole in the entire cross-sectional area. In the left main branch, the velocity profiles were found to be somewhat skewed towards the left vessel wall, corresponding to the smaller curvature of the left main branch, while the velocity profile in the right main branch was skewed against the superior vessel wall throughout systole. This study thus disclosed that the blood velocity profiles in the main pulmonary artery system were skewed and that mean velocity varied 26%-50% between measuring points, exhibiting an as yet unexplained rotational phenomenon. The skewed velocity profile in the porcine pulmonary trunk indicates that single-point blood velocity measurements can only serve as a basis for cardiac output estimations when used with considerable caution.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Axial development of velocity fields in the porcine main pulmonary artery system

et al. 1994

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“…Various techniques such as MRI and traditional HFA have been used to investigate the flow profiles in the pulmonary artery. [24] studied the porcine pulmonary artery and reported a flat profile at early systolic acceleration and at late systolic deceleration with a non-axisymmetric peaked profile in between, that is, with a peak skewed towards the artery wall. This type of behaviour was also noted by [25] in 12 human volunteers.…”

Section: Pulmonary Artery Flow Profilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Numerical Investigation of Heat Transfer Cardiac Output Measurements

Fotheringham

Gourlay

McKee

et al. 2005

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine

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Measurement of cardiac output is often investigated using a technique based on hot-film anemometry. Here, we discuss a modification to hot-film anemometry, which involves a cylindrical heating element mounted flush on the surface of a typical Swan-Ganz catheter. In contrast to traditional thermodilution, the method discussed here has the potential to allow continuous monitoring of cardiac output. This paper demonstrates that there is a simple approximate relationship between the power input to the device to maintain a temperature of one degree above blood heat and cardiac output. Since, the heat transfer and the fluid flow decouple, a numerical model of the heat transfer of a cylindrical catheter (with heating element) sitting concentrically within a rigid cylindrical artery is developed. Numerical results were obtained for a wide selection of flow profiles, including experimental data. The results indicate that the cardiac output/power input relationship is extremely robust with respect to flow profile and system parameter variation.

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Pulmonary blood flow profiles with reduced right ventricular function in lambs

et al. 1996

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The determinants of right ventricular (RV) performance with damaged RV free wall, such as occurs with RV infarction, are still unclear. Using 20-MHz Doppler ultrasound equipment, we investigated the changes in pulmonary blood flow velocity profiles before and after ligation of the right coronary artery. RV dp/dt, stroke volume, RV stroke work, aortic pressure and cardiac output decreased and central venous pressure rose after the ligation. The RV stroke work-end-diastolic pressure relationship indicated impaired RV function following ligation. We observed shortened acceleration time (65.0 +/- 15.1 vs 54.4 +/- 6.2 ms, P < 0.05) and reduced maximum velocity of forward flow (59.0 +/- 5.9 vs 52.5 +/- 7.6 cm/s, P < 0.05) after the ligation. Acceleration was interrupted earlier after ligation than before ligation. These alterations in flow are thought to be a consequence of the altered movement of the RV free wall and ventricular septum induced by RV infarction.

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Three dimensional visualisation of velocity profiles in the normal porcine pulmonary trunk

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Axial development of velocity fields in the porcine main pulmonary artery system

Axial development of velocity fields in the porcine main pulmonary artery system

A Numerical Investigation of Heat Transfer Cardiac Output Measurements

Pulmonary blood flow profiles with reduced right ventricular function in lambs

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