Three-Dimensionally Printed, Vertical Full-Color Display Pixels for Multiplexed Anticounterfeiting

Abstract

Information encryption strategies have become increasingly essential. Most of the fluorescent security patterns have been made with a lateral configuration of red, green, and blue subpixels, limiting the pixel density and security level. Here we report vertically stacked, luminescent heterojunction micropixels that construct high-resolution, multiplexed anticounterfeiting labels. This is enabled by meniscus-guided three-dimensional (3D) microprinting of red, green, and blue (RGB) dye-doped materials. High-precision vertical stacking of subpixel segments achieves full-color pixels without sacrificing lateral resolution, achieving a small pixel size of ∼μm and a high density of over 13,000 pixels per inch. Furthermore, a full-scale color synthesis for individual pixels is developed by modulating the lengths of the RGB subpixels. Taking advantage of these unique 3D structural designs, trichannel multiplexed anticounterfeiting Quick Response codes are successfully demonstrated. We expect that this work will advance data encryption technology while also providing a versatile manufacturing platform for diverse 3D display devices.

Emission Directionality of 3D-Printed Photonic Nanowires

“…The performance of many photonic devices can be enhanced by increasing the density of the integrated optical components, such as the resolution of displays ,, or image sensors, ,, and sensitivity of biological or chemical sensors, , computation power of logic circuits . However, as the integrated density increases, the potential of signal interference between adjacent components, optical crosstalk, becomes a significant concern.…”

Artificial fingerprints engraved through block-copolymers as nanoscale physical unclonable functions for authentication and identification

“…Leveraging the inherent stochasticity of nanotechnologies, a wide range of physical unclonable functions have been demonstrated by employing different taggants and detection methods. This includes random fractal structures, 8 uorescent, photoluminescent and chromic materials, [9][10][11][12] spontaneously formed core-cell nanoparticles, 13 3D printed and nanoimprinted materials, 14,15 plasmonic nanomaterials, [16][17][18] graphene-based devices, 19 as well as metallic nanopatterns replicated from molecular self-assembly 20,21 . These techniques mainly imply the realization of unique nanopatterned devices as anti-counterfeiting tags that can be a xed to products requiring protection, but that can potentially be removed or detached through appropriate chemical/physical treatments.…”