Three distinct atmospheric circulation patterns associated with high temperature extremes in South Korea

Kim, Han-Kyoung; Moon, Byung-Kwon; Kim, Maeng-Ki; Park, Jong Yeon; Hyun, Yu‐Kyung

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-92368-9

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…An increase in the intensity of the North Pacific High at 500 hPa height in July was revealed for the years 1977–2006 in the work (Shatilina & Anzhina, 2008), and the increase in surface pressure in July for 1975–2005 up to 1 hPa/10 years was identified in the work (Ippolitov et al, 2008). Kim et al (2021) found the North Pacific High extension at 850 hPa height from 1984 to 2018 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climatic factors affecting Kamchatka glacier recession

Korneva,

Toropov,

Muraviev

et al. 2024

Intl Journal of Climatology

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The reduction in the area and volume of glaciation in all mountain regions of the Earth has strongly accelerated for the last decades. In this work, we analysed the trends of the main climatic parameters which caused the glacier recession in the Kamchatka Peninsula. It was shown that the glaciers of the northern part of the Sredinny Range decreased by 125 km2 (35.6%) from 1950 to 2016–2017. The average rate of their reduction in the period from 2002 to 2016–2017 (1.45%/year) increased approximately 4.3 times compared to the period 1950–2002 (0.34%/year). The greatest reduction is observed in small glaciers with an area of less than 0.1 km2 and in glaciers with southeastern and southern expositions. On the Kronotsky Peninsula, the glacier area reduction for 1957–2019 was equal to 32.1 km2 (35.6%), and the rates were almost the same in the periods of 1957–2000 (0.61%/year) and 2000–2019 (0.67%/year). According to the data of weather stations and ERA5 reanalysis, it was shown that, in the ablation (summer) period the warming rate was minimal (0.3°C/10 years) and in the accumulation period a significant decrease in precipitation (5%–10%/10 years) was revealed in some areas. At the same time, a significant increase in the radiation balance was revealed in the warm season along with a tendency in downward shortwave radiation increase for the last two decades due to a decrease in cloud amount. These trends are in good agreement with the growth of the geopotential height over the North Pacific during the warm season in the 21st century, and with the growth of velocity divergence in the middle troposphere and the intensification of downward air movements. All this confirms an increase in anticyclone frequency in the warm season, which could be the cause of a radiation balance increase and, consequently, an increase in glacier ablation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climatic factors affecting Kamchatka glacier recession

Korneva,

Toropov,

Muraviev

et al. 2024

Intl Journal of Climatology

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“…The SOM is implemented by the Python miniSOM library (Vettigli, 2021). The technical details have been described in many previous studies (Kim et al., 2021; Kohonen, 2013; Liu et al., 2006; Thompson et al., 2020), here we only provide a brief overview. The number of nodes (clusters) needs to be determined before implementing the SOM, and the Euclidean distance between the initiation nodes (randomly assigned in this study) and each input pattern is calculated to begin the iteration procedure, that is, the “training” of SOM.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revealing the Circulation Pattern Most Conducive to Precipitation Extremes in Henan Province of North China

Zhang

Chen

Luo

et al. 2022

Geophysical Research Letters

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Two catastrophic extreme precipitation events in July 2021 and August 1975 caused tremendous damages and deaths in Henan, one of the most populated provinces in China. Revealing the relationship between large‐scale circulation patterns and precipitation extremes is vital for understanding the physical mechanisms and providing potential value for improving prediction and hence reducing impacts. Here, nine large‐scale circulation patterns are identified for July–August using the self‐organizing map. We find daily precipitation extremes under the fifth pattern (P5), characterized with the strongest easterly wind anomalies in Henan, feature the highest frequency and the largest intensity. Seven out of total 11 days in the two catastrophic extreme precipitation events belong to P5, and the top two maximum hourly precipitation extremes over continental China occurred under P5. The larger intensity of precipitation extremes is attributed to the dynamical contribution, suggesting more‐intense precipitation extremes under P5 are largely dominated by stronger ascending motions.

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“…In that sense, dimensionality reduction allows for a small number of patterns to be gleaned from a large dataset. Recent studies have shown that SOM is more effective than EOF analysis for capturing basic modes, especially for nonlinear processes [63,66]. In MHW research, the SOM is also considered an effective approach and is widely used.…”

Section: Self-organizing Mapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Impact of Pacific Inflow on Sea Surface Temperature Prior to the Freeze-Up Period over the Bering Sea

Wang,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Remote Sensing

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Warm water inflow from the Northeast Pacific has always been considered a crucial factor in early winter freeze-up in the Bering Sea. There is a strong correlation between changes in sea surface temperature (SST) on the eastern Bering Sea shelf and sea ice area in December. However, there is still limited research on the impact of Pacific inflow on SST on the eastern Bering Sea shelf, resulting in insufficient measurements of the impact of Pacific inflow on early freeze-up. In this article, the definition of marine heatwaves (MHW) is used to extract warm events (with a threshold of the 70th percentile) and cold events (with a threshold of the 30th percentile) from the eastern Bering Sea shelf in November. Self-organizing map (SOM) technology is utilized to classify extracted cold and warm events and the mixed-layer heat budget is ultimately used to explore the factors that generate and maintain these cold and warm events. Between 1993 and 2021, a total of 12 warm and 12 cold events are extracted and their cumulative intensity is found to be strongly correlated with the interannual variation in SST by 99.8%, indicating that these warm and cold events are capable of characterizing the interannual variation in SST. Among the 12 warm events, 9 of them can be attributed to abnormal warming of seawater before November and only 3 events are attributed to warm water inflow from the Northeast Pacific. During the development of warm events, there are only two events in which the warm inflow from the Northeast Pacific has a more profound regulatory effect on warm events in November. Moreover, both generation and regulatory factors of cold events are the net air–sea heat flux. Statistics indicate that the warm water inflow from the Northeast Pacific has a limited effect on SST on the eastern Bering Sea shelf during the early freeze-up period. Changes in local SST are more influenced by the residual heat before November and by local net air–sea heat flux. However, we highlight that long-term ocean heatwaves occurring in the Northeast Pacific can enlarge the residual heat of seawater in the eastern Bering Sea shelf before November, thereby impacting early freeze-up. The frequency of such events has significantly increased in the past decade, causing notable changes in the climate and ecosystem of the Bering Sea. Therefore, it is crucial to continue closely monitoring the occurrence and development of such events in the future.

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Three distinct atmospheric circulation patterns associated with high temperature extremes in South Korea

Cited by 10 publications

References 50 publications

Climatic factors affecting Kamchatka glacier recession

Climatic factors affecting Kamchatka glacier recession

Revealing the Circulation Pattern Most Conducive to Precipitation Extremes in Henan Province of North China

Assessment of the Impact of Pacific Inflow on Sea Surface Temperature Prior to the Freeze-Up Period over the Bering Sea

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