Three-energy focusing Laue monochromator for the diamond light source x-ray pair distribution function beamline I15-1

Sutter, John P.; Chater, Philip A.; Hillman, Michael; Keeble, Dean S.; Tucker, Matthew G.; Wilhelm, H.

doi:10.1063/1.4952877

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Current beamlines with capabilities to collect high quality total scattering measurements for PDF analysis include beamlines 6-ID-D and 11-ID-B at the Advanced Photon Source (Chicago, Illinois, USA), , P02.1, P07, and P21.1 at DESY (Hamburg, Germany), − I15-1 at Diamond (Didcot, UK), ID11, ID15A, and ID31 at the ESRF (Grenoble, France), − 28-ID-1 (PDF) and 28-ID-2 (XPD) at NSLS-II (Upton, New York, USA), BL04B2 and BL08W at SPring-8 (Sayo, Hyogo, Japan), XDS-W09A at LNSL (Campinas, Brazil), ID1A3 at CHESS (Ithaca, New York, USA), DanMAX at MAX IV (Lund, Sweden), and BL04-MSPD at ALBA (Barcelona, Spain), though this list changes with time.…”

Section: Experimental Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Analysis of Molecular Materials Using the Pair Distribution Function

2021

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This is a review of atomic pair distribution function (PDF) analysis as applied to the study of molecular materials. The PDF method is a powerful approach to study short-and intermediate-range order in materials on the nanoscale. It may be obtained from total scattering measurements using X-rays, neutrons, or electrons, and it provides structural details when defects, disorder, or structural ambiguities obscure their elucidation directly in reciprocal space. While its uses in the study of inorganic crystals, glasses, and nanomaterials have been recently highlighted, significant progress has also been made in its application to molecular materials such as carbons, pharmaceuticals, polymers, liquids, coordination compounds, composites, and more. Here, an overview of applications toward a wide variety of molecular compounds (organic and inorganic) and systems with molecular components is presented. We then present pedagogical descriptions and tips for further implementation. Successful utilization of the method requires an interdisciplinary consolidation of material preparation, high quality scattering experimentation, data processing, model formulation, and attentive scrutiny of the results. It is hoped that this article will provide a useful reference to practitioners for PDF applications in a wide realm of molecular sciences, and help new practitioners to get started with this technique.

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Section: Experimental Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Analysis of Molecular Materials Using the Pair Distribution Function

2021

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“…The I15-1 side station lies 1.5 mrad horizontally off the central axis. The divergent X-ray beam (0.5 mrad H × 0.2 mrad V) that enters I15-1 through the beam splitter is first collimated with white beam slits (typically 0.04 mrad H × 0.13 mrad V), horizontally focused by the bent Laue monochromator [2] and then vertically focused by the multilayercoated mirror described in this paper.…”

Section: Beamline Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is composed of three crystals, each of which can be inserted into the beam to select X-rays with one of three energies: 40.0, 65.4, and 76.6 keV. A description may be found in [2]; since this publication, the monochromator has been successfully commissioned and will be detailed in a future publication.…”

Section: Beamline Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By contrast, the mirror's performance under authentic operating conditions was characterized with the beamline in a "typical" user setup as much as was practicable. The white beam slits were set to deliver a divergent beam of 0.04 mrad H × 0.13 mrad V. The monochromator crystals were meridionally bent to partially focus the beam in the horizontal plane, and to increase the bandwidth [2]. Please note that this has a hitherto uncharacterised effect on the wavefront of the beam impinging the mirror.…”

Section: Beamline Setup and Energy Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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1 m long multilayer-coated deformable piezoelectric bimorph mirror for adjustable focusing of high-energy X-rays

Sutter¹,

Chater²,

Signorato³

et al. 2019

Opt. Express

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The Diamond Light Source (DLS) beamline I15-1 measures atomic pair distribution functions (PDF) using scattering of 40-80 keV X-rays. A unique focusing element was needed to condense these X-rays from an initial large cross section (11.0 mm H × 4.2 mm V) into a required spot size of FWHM ≈680 μm (H) × 20 μm (V) at a variable position between the sample and the detector. The large numerical aperture is achieved by coating a silicon substrate over 1 m long with three multilayer stripes of Bragg angle 4.2 mrad. One stripe selects X-rays of each energy 40.0, 65.4, and 76.6 keV. Sixteen piezoelectric bimorph actuators attached to the sides of the mirror substrate adjusted the reflecting surface's shape. Focal spots of vertical width < 15 µm were obtained at three positions over a 0.92 m range, with fast, easy switching from one focal position to another. Minimized root mean square slope errors were close to 0.5 µrad after subtraction of a uniform curvature. Reflectivity curves taken along each stripe showed consistent high peaks with generally small angular variation of peak positions. This is the first application of a 1 m long multilayercoated bimorph mirror at a synchrotron beamline. Data collected with its help on a slice of a lithium ion battery's cathode are presented.

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