Three‐hundred and sixty degrees of surgical approaches to the maxillary sinus

Abstract

Objectives To demonstrate three‐hundred and sixty degrees of maxillary sinus (MS) surgical approaches using cadaveric dissections, highlighting the step‐by‐step anatomy of each procedure. Methods Two latex‐injected cadaveric specimens were utilized to perform surgical dissections to demonstrate different approaches to the MS. The procedures were documented with macroscopic images and endoscopic pictures. Results Dissections were performed to approach the MS medially (endoscopic maxillary antrostomy and ethmoidectomy), anteriorly (Caldwell–Luc), superiorly (transconjunctival/transorbital approach), inferiorly (transpalatal approach), and posterolaterally (preauricular hemicoronal approach). Conclusion A number of approaches have been described to address pathology in the MS. Surgeons should be familiar with indications, limitations, and surgical anatomy from different perspectives to approach the MS. This paper illustrates anatomic approaches to the MS with detailed step‐by‐step cadaveric dissections and case examples.

Neurosurgery for the rhinologist

“…The roof of the MS represents the floor of the orbital cavity, where we find the infraorbital canal accommodating and protecting both the infraorbital artery and nerve. Thus, by removing the roof of the MS through a transmaxillary approach, the orbital cavity and its contents are accessed and exposed including the inferior oblique, inferior and medial rectus muscles [35 ▪ ,36,37]. Furthermore, the following neurovascular structures are visualized, the inferior branch of CN III, ciliary ganglion along with the short ciliary nerves, and long posterior ciliary and central retinal arteries.…”

Anatomical Step-by-Step Dissection of Complex Skull Base Approaches for Trainees: Surgical Anatomy of the Endoscopic Endonasal and Endoscopic-Assisted Transmaxillary Transpterygoid Approaches

“…4A). 32 The soft tissue of the right cheek was elevated from the maxilla in a subperiosteal fashion along the anterior wall of the maxillary sinus, until identification of the infraorbital foramen and infraorbital bundle. The anterior wall of the maxillary sinus at the canine fossa was opened with a high-speed drill, exposing the underlying mucosa (►Fig.…”

Lesiones del seno maxilar y su asociación con lesiones apicales observadas por tomografía computarizada de haz cónico. Un estudio transversal retrospectivo

“…Su función es calentar el aire que entra mediante las fosas nasales, la fonación y la aireación. Presentan una forma de pirámide irregular con la base dirigida hacia la fosa nasal y el vértice orientado al hueso malar 5 . Sin embargo, su morfología varía entre individuos e, incluso, en una misma persona, por lo que pueden ser completamente diferentes.…”