Three new benzolactones from Lavandula angustifolia and their bioactivities

Abstract

Three new benzolactones (1-3), together with four known ones (4-7), were isolated from the whole herb of Lavandula angustifolia. Their structures were established on the basis of detailed spectroscopic analysis (1D- and 2D-NMR, HRESIMS, UV, and IR) and comparison with data reported in the literature. New compounds were evaluated for their anti-tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) activities and cytotoxic activities. The results revealed that compounds 1-3 showed obvious anti-TMV activities with inhibition rates of 26.9, 30.2, and 28.4%, which were at the same grade as positive control. Compounds 1-3 also showed weak inhibitory activities against some tested human tumor cell lines with IC values in the range of 32.1-7.6 μM.

Botanical Sources, Chemistry, Analysis, and Biological Activity of Furanocoumarins of Pharmaceutical Interest

“…In general, polar solvents, such as water (H 2 O), methanol (MeOH), ethanol (EtOH), acetone, and their aqueous mixtures, are the most widely used as extraction solvents [47,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,57,58,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73]. The use of EtOAc, chloroform, dichloromethane, and petroleum ether has also been described in the literature [56,59,61,67,74,75,76,77,78].…”

“…Solid-liquid extraction (SLE) with organic solvents by means of conventional extraction techniques still represents the most frequently used technique for the extraction of furanocoumarins from different plant material. In this ambit, static and dynamic maceration at room temperature from 30 min to 3 days have been used for both the extraction of furocoumarins for analytical purpose and for their isolation from different plant material, even if to a lesser extent [47,49,57,58,59,63,64,67,68,69,73,76,78,79]. Soxhlet extraction has been rarely applied in the ambit of the qualitative and quantitative analysis of furanocoumarins from different plant sources, since it represents a time and solvent consuming process, although it allows for an exhaustive extraction of the target compounds.…”

“…If the final purpose is the isolation of furocoumarins from the plant material for the evaluation of their biological activity, the raw extract obtained has been usually submitted to further purification steps [52,65,66,69,70,71,72,74,91]. In this case, Soxhlet extraction and heat reflux extraction (HRE) have been widely applied with both polar and non-polar solvents [71,72,74,75,77].…”

“…In this case, Soxhlet extraction and heat reflux extraction (HRE) have been widely applied with both polar and non-polar solvents [71,72,74,75,77]. After the extraction, furanocoumarins have been frequently isolated from the raw extracts by means of sequential silica gel column chromatography, eluted under normal phase conditions [66,69,70,71,72,75,76,77,78,79]. It is worth noting that preparative counter current chromatography has also been applied to achieve the final purification of furanocoumarins from Angelica dahurica and Toddalia asiatica (L.) Lam.…”