Three new Xanthoria species from South Africa: X. hirsuta, X. inflata and X. doidgeae

Eichenberger, Christof; Aptroot, André; Honegger, Rosmarie

doi:10.1017/s0024282907006962

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Basionym: Xanthoria doidgeae Eichenberger, Aptroot & Honegger (2007, p. 456). Type: South Africa, Western Cape, Van Rhynsdorp, Quaggaskop, Knersvlakte, 2006, D. J. Supthut 481 I (Z + ZT‐holotype).…”

Section: The Generamentioning

confidence: 99%

A new taxonomy of the family Teloschistaceae

Arup

Søchting

Frödén

2013

Nordic Journal of Botany

210

256

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The lichen family Teloschistaceae is one of the larger families of lichenized fungi. Currently it includes one very large heterogenous genus, Caloplaca, with some 1000 or more species with a vast variation in morphology, anatomy and chemistry. The rest of the family is split into 10-15 smaller genera, each with 20 or fewer species. There is no modern classification of the family based on molecular data. Here we attempt a first phylogenetic evaluation of a large part of the family, including a total of 337 species. Of these, 162 were used in a combined phylogenetic analysis of the ribosomal RNA sequence markers nrITS, nrLSU and mrSSU, using Bayesian inference. We also analysed all species using nrITS data, split into four different analyses. As a result we propose a new classification of the family, where a total of 39 genera are recognized, of which 31 are newly described or resurrected. The new genera are: Athallia, Austroplaca, Bryoplaca, Calogaya, Cerothallia, Flavoplaca, Gondwania, Haloplaca, Orientophila, Pachypeltis, Parvoplaca, Rufoplaca, Shackletonia, Scutaria, Sirenophila, Solitaria, Squamulea, Stellarangia, Teloschistopsis, Usnochroma, Variospora, Villophora and Wetmoreana. Resurrected genera are Blastenia, Dufourea, Follmannia, Gyalolechia, Leproplaca, Polycauliona, Pyrenodesmia and Xanthocarpia. The species Orientophila subscopularis is described as new. A third subfamily, Teloschistoideae, is proposed to accommodate the genus Teloschistes and related genera, parallel to the two previously recognized subfamilies Xanthorioideae and Caloplacoideae. We also show the large plasticity in both morphological and anatomical characters between closely related species within genera, indicating the low value of these as evolutionary markers. The secondary chemistry is a better marker in some parts of the family. We recognize a large number of geographically delimited clades with clear centres of evolution, but often showing large variation in morphology and anatomy.

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Section: The Generamentioning

confidence: 99%

A new taxonomy of the family Teloschistaceae

Arup

Søchting

Frödén

2013

Nordic Journal of Botany

210

256

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“…L i c h e n s p r o d u c e s o m e c h a r a c t e r i s t i c anthraquinone derivatives, which have yet to be found in higher plants (Balderrama et al 2001;Eichenberger, 2007;Nakano et al 1972;Santesson, 1970;Søchting, 1997, Søchting 2001. Anthraquinones and xanthones are also important constituents of plants, microorganisms and insects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical and antioxidant studies of Laurera benguelensis growing in Thailand

et al. 2010

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The aim of this study was to investigate metabolites of the lichen Laurera benguelensis. A high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method has been developed for the characterization of xanthones and anthraquinones in extracts of this lichen. Lichexanthone, secalonic acid D, norlichexanthon, parietin, emodin, teloschistin and citreorosein were detected in the lichen samples, which were collected from two places in Thailand. Components of the lichen were identified by relative retention time and spectral data. This is the first time that a detailed phytochemical analysis of the lichen L. benguelensis was reported and this paper has chemotaxonomic significance because very little has been published on the secondary metabolites present in Laurera species. Some of the metabolites were detected for the first time in the family Trypetheliaceae. The results of preliminary testing of benzene extract and its chloroform and methanol fractions showed that all samples showed a weak radical scavenging activity. The chloroform extract showed the highest antioxidant activity.

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“…Lichens produce some characteristic anthraquinone and xanthone derivatives, which have yet to be found in higher plant 9,10 . Anthraquinones and xanthones are also important constituents of plants, microorganisms and insects.…”

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confidence: 99%

Untitled

2014

IJPSR

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Antimicrobial effects of different extracts of lichens were evaluated in this study. Acetone extract of Heterodermia boryi have shown maximum inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli (22mm) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (21mm) and Pseudomonas fluorescenes (20 mm). Among fungi, diethyl ether extract gave desirable sensitivity pattern against Pestalotia foedans was very sensitive (21mm) followed by Paeciliomyces variotii (20mm). Most of the extracts of Sticta weigelii were found to be inactive against Fusarium oxysporum. Klebsiella pneumoniae was found to most resistant bacteria against Sticta weigelii. Among the tested microbial strains, Pseudomonas fluorescens was mostly inhibited (26 mm) by chloroform extract of Dermatocarpon vellereum. Serratia marcescens was found to be the most resistant strain against the lichen, but was effectively inhibited only by ethanolic extract of Dermatocarpon vellereum (20 mm). Hexane extract D. vellereum have shown maximum inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus (23 mm).

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Three new Xanthoria species from South Africa: X. hirsuta, X. inflata and X. doidgeae

Cited by 9 publications

References 3 publications

A new taxonomy of the family Teloschistaceae

A new taxonomy of the family Teloschistaceae

Phytochemical and antioxidant studies of Laurera benguelensis growing in Thailand

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