Three TNF α single nucleotide polymorphisms in the Japanese population

Abstract

The polymorphisms and allele frequencies obtained in this study will be useful for genetic studies of common diseases such as osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis in the Japanese population.

Clinical research Tumour necrosis factor gene polymorphisms and migraine in Greek children

“…In particular, the TNF-α-308A allele is very rare in Asians (A/G 16/84%) and Japanese (A/G 2/98%) [18]. Additionally, gene-gene, as well as gene-environment interactions are likely, since migraine does not fit a simple Mendelian pattern but is a “multifactorial disease”.…”

“…Additionally, gene-gene, as well as gene-environment interactions are likely, since migraine does not fit a simple Mendelian pattern but is a “multifactorial disease”. This could in part explain why investigations of candidate susceptibility genes in case control group studies as well as linkage analyses have at times shown variable results and attempts at independent replication have failed [14, 18]. …”

Association Between a Polymorphism in the Lymphotoxin−a Promoter Region and Migraine

“…It is possible that the TNF α polymorphism associated with migraine is in linkage disequilibrium (LD) with other functional polymorphisms that influence migraine risk. Moreover, there are significant differences among the allele frequencies of TNF gene variants among populations from different ethnic groups and especially, the TNF α‐308A allele is very rare in Asians 10,11 . Therefore, we examined the association between 15 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the coding and promoter regions of LTA and TNF α genes, which are located within the 22 kb around TNF and the risk of migraine (Fig.…”

“…Moreover, there are significant differences among the allele frequencies of TNF gene variants among populations from different ethnic groups and especially, the TNFα-308A allele is very rare in Asians. 10,11 Therefore, we examined Table 1.…”

Letter to the Editor

“…It also illustrates, in the lack of a comprehensive, everyday, updated polymorphism database that covers every ethnicity at present, an honest researcher's struggle to obtain perfect genetic data at an appropriate time during the research course from its start to the final report of the results. We have previously shown that the presence or absence and frequencies of alleles among different ethnicities are markedly different in 30%-40% of human SNPs Shinohara et al 2001). Ladenvall et al (2000) have presented the results of their polymorphism survey of the t-PA gene in a Swedish population; five polymorphisms coincided with the eight polymorphisms that we described in a Japanese population in a report published this year (Nakazawa et al 2001).…”