Three years of operation of North America's first nutrient recovery facility

Cullen, Nate; Baur, Rob; Schauer, Peter

doi:10.2166/wst.2013.260

Cited by 29 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…Efficient operation of EBPRs will enable WWTPs to reduce P in treated wastewater effluent to ≤1 mg L −1 while also incentivizing integration of sidestream rP crystallization reactors based on WWTP specific benefits such as reduced intraplant P cycling, prevention of uncontrolled scaling in digesters and conduit, and operation cost recovery through fertilizer sales. Production of rP can be increased by 60% when an anaerobic detention basin designed to strip P from waste EBPR sludge is used to divert P toward the crystallization reactor rather than allowing struvite formation with the anaerobic digester (Cullen et al, 2013). …”

Section: Economic and Regulatory Aspects Of Recovered Phosphorusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward a Regional Phosphorus (Re)cycle in the US Midwest

et al. 2019

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Redirecting anthropogenic waste phosphorus (P) flows from receiving water bodies to high P demand agricultural fields requires a resource management approach that integrates biogeochemistry, agronomy, engineering, and economics. In the US Midwest, agricultural reuse of P recovered from spatially colocated waste streams stands to reduce point‐source P discharges, meet agricultural P needs, and—depending on the speciation of recovered P—mitigate P losses from agriculture. However, the speciation of P recovered from waste streams via its chemical transformation—referred to here as recovered P (rP) differs markedly based on waste stream composition and recovery method, which can further interact with soil and crop characteristics of agricultural sinks. The solubility of rP presents key tensions between engineered P recovery and agronomic reuse because it defines both the ability to remove organic and inorganic P from aqueous streams and the crop availability of rP. The potential of rP generation and composition differs greatly among animal, municipal, and grain milling waste streams due to the aqueous speciation of P and presence of coprecipitants. Two example rP forms, phytin and struvite, engage in distinct biogeochemical processes on addition to soils that ultimately influence crop uptake and potential losses of rP. These processes also influence the fate of nitrogen (N) embodied in rP. The economics of rP generation and reuse will determine if and which rP are produced. Matching rP species to appropriate agricultural systems is critical to develop sustainable and financially viable regional exchanges of rP from wastewater treatment to agricultural end users. Core Ideas There is high potential for recovering P (rP) from point sources for agricultural reuse. rP speciation depends on recovery source and method, interacts with soils and crops. Engineering, agronomic, and economic considerations of rP are context‐specific.

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Section: Economic and Regulatory Aspects Of Recovered Phosphorusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward a Regional Phosphorus (Re)cycle in the US Midwest

et al. 2019

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“…Struvite precipitation processes have been widely investigated using different side‐streams from wastewater treatment plants, and even successfully implemented at full scale . Many studies on struvite precipitation from urine have also been performed in the laboratory, but to the best of our knowledge, such a process has still not been approached at pilot scale.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term operation of a pilot-scale reactor for phosphorus recovery as struvite from source-separated urine

Zamora

Georgieva²,

Salcedo

et al. 2016

J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol.

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BACKGROUND: The treatment of source separated urine allows for a more sustainable approach to nutrients recovery in actual wastewater treatment plants. Struvite precipitation from urine yields a slow-release fertilizer (struvite) with a high marketable value for agricultural use. Extensive research on struvite precipitation has been carried out at laboratory scale, but there is still a lack of specific knowledge about the operation and key parameters at larger scale and over the long term. The effectiveness of the struvite reactor was assessed, as well as the quality of the harvested struvite in terms of size and composition. RESULTS: The efficiency of recovery of P was maintained at 85-99% for 1 year of continuous operation. Phosphorus was recovered in the form of struvite with purity over 90%. Struvite was harvested as round pellets between 0.3 and 6 mm in diameter, with heavy metals concentration well below the legal limits for fertilizers in The Netherlands. The post-treatment of the reactor effluent yielded almost complete removal (>95%) of calcium and magnesium. A loss of 26 ± 5% of the influent chemical oxygen demand and 16 ± 1% of the NH 4 + -N occurred during the magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) precipitation and the post-treatment. CONCLUSION: This work shows how the treatment of source-separated urine by struvite precipitation in a fluidized bed reactor allows for efficient recovery of phosphorus in the form of a potential fertilizer.

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“…A higher phosphate concentration can polish residual ammonium and still allow for MPP formation. Augmented phosphate concentrations can be achieved by fermentation of waste activated sludge prior to anaerobic digestion . The anaerobic conditions hydrolyse the poly‐P and release phosphate and magnesium in a stream that is fed to the crystallizer .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potassium recovery from centrate: taking advantage of autotrophic nitrogen removal for multi‐nutrient recovery

Johansson

Ruscalleda

Saerens

et al. 2018

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUND: Potassium is a key macronutrient, but little attention has been paid to its recovery from waste streams. This study investigates simultaneous recovery of phosphorus and potassium in the form of potassium struvite (MgKPO 4 ·6H 2 O) from centrate after nitrogen removal by partial nitritation-anammox (PNA). Lab-scale batch experiments to assess the influence of pH, Mg:P ratio and temperature on nutrient removal were conducted on effluent from two PNA reactors fed with centrate from municipal wastewater treatment plants.RESULTS: pH had a strong impact on potassium removal, which increased up to pH 11. At this pH, a product containing 11.4% P, 3.51% N and 4.34% K was obtained. X-ray diffraction confirmed the presence of potassium struvite together with ammonium struvite (MgNH 4 PO 4 .6H 2 O). PNA reduced the alkalinity by 90%, which surpasses the performance of conventional CO 2 stripping by aeration. CONCLUSION: Coupling PNA with struvite precipitation allows for the recovery of N, P and K in a multi-nutrient product and may drastically reduce the need for alkali dosing for pH control.

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Three years of operation of North America's first nutrient recovery facility

Cited by 29 publications

References 0 publications

Toward a Regional Phosphorus (Re)cycle in the US Midwest

Toward a Regional Phosphorus (Re)cycle in the US Midwest

Long-term operation of a pilot-scale reactor for phosphorus recovery as struvite from source-separated urine

Potassium recovery from centrate: taking advantage of autotrophic nitrogen removal for multi‐nutrient recovery

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