Threonine as a carbon source for Escherichia coli

Chan, T. T. K.; Newman, E. B.

doi:10.1128/jb.145.3.1150-1153.1981

Cited by 21 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…inhibens DSM 17395. Tdh catalyses the oxidation of threonine to 2-amino-3-oxobutanoate (Chan and Newman, 1981). The latter is then cleaved into glycine (detected) and acetyl-CoA by 2-amino-3-oxobutanoate-CoA ligase (Kbl, identified).…”

Section: T R P P H E M E T L E U I L E V a L H I S L Y S T H Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathways and substrate‐specific regulation of amino acid degradation in Phaeobacter inhibens DSM 17395 (archetype of the marine Roseobacter clade)

Drüppel

Hensler

Trautwein

et al. 2013

Environmental Microbiology

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Combining omics and enzymatic approaches, catabolic routes of nine selected amino acids (tryptophan, phenylalanine, methionine, leucine, isoleucine, valine, histidine, lysine and threonine) were elucidated in substrate-adapted cells of Phaeobacter inhibens DSM 17395 (displaying conspicuous morphotypes). The catabolic network [excluding tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle] was reconstructed from 71 genes (scattered across the chromosome; one-third newly assigned), with 69 encoded proteins and 20 specific metabolites identified, and activities of 10 different enzymes determined. For example, Ph. inhibens DSM 17395 does not degrade lysine via the widespread saccharopine pathway but might rather employ two parallel pathways via 5-aminopentanoate or 2-aminoadipate. Tryptophan degradation proceeds via kynurenine and 2-aminobenzoate; the latter is metabolized as known from Azoarcus evansii. Histidine degradation is analogous to the Pseudomonas-type Hut pathway via N-formyl-l-glutamate. For threonine, only one of the three genome-predicted degradation pathways (employing threonine 3-dehydrogenase) is used. Proteins of the individual peripheral degradation sequences in Ph. inhibens DSM 17395 were apparently substrate-specifically formed contrasting the non-modulated TCA cycle enzymes. Comparison of genes for the reconstructed amino acid degradation network in Ph. inhibens DSM 17395 across 27 other complete genomes of Roseobacter clade members revealed most of them to be widespread among roseobacters.

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Section: T R P P H E M E T L E U I L E V a L H I S L Y S T H Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathways and substrate‐specific regulation of amino acid degradation in Phaeobacter inhibens DSM 17395 (archetype of the marine Roseobacter clade)

Drüppel

Hensler

Trautwein

et al. 2013

Environmental Microbiology

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“…In particular D-and L-alanine, D-alanyl-glycine, L-asparagine, L-aspartic acid, L-proline, L-threonine c-aminobutyric acid, D and L-serine. These amino acids have been found to serve as excellent carbon and nitrogen sources (Chan and Newman 1981;Dover and Halpern 1972). L-glutamic acid and glycyl-L-glutamic acid were consumed to a lower extent by type c. Although glutamate is rarely used by E. coli K12 as a carbon source, it is a common nitrogen source.…”

Section: Diversity Of Metabolic Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sympatric metabolic diversification of experimentally evolved Escherichia coli in a complex environment

Puentes-Téllez

Elsas

2014

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

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Sympatric diversification in bacteria has been found to contravene initial evolutionary theories affirming the selection of the fittest type by competition for the same resource. Studies in unstructured (well-mixed) environments have discovered divergence of an ancestor strain into genomically and phenotypically divergent types growing both on single and mixed energy sources. This study addresses the metabolic diversification in an Escherichia coli population that evolved over ~1,000 generations under aerobic conditions in the nutritional complexity offered by Luria-Bertani (LB) broth. The medium lacked glucose but contained a variety of other resources. Two distinct metabolically-diverged types, coinciding with colony morphologies, were found to dominate the populations. One type was an avid carbohydrate consumer, which could quickly utilize the available (alternative) substrates feeding into glycolysis. The second type was a slow grower, which was able to specifically consume acetate. The capacity to utilize acetate might be providing an advantage to this second type, suggesting an increased capability to deal with adverse conditions that occur in the later stages of growth. The diverged metabolic preferences of the two forms suggested differential and interactive ecological roles within the population. We postulate that these types used different alternative metabolic strategies occupying different niches in a sympatric manner as an outcome of adaptation to the complex environment.

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“…Mutations in lrp could thus potentially result in increased expression of enzymes from this pathway, allowing for sufficient amounts of acetyl‐CoA to be produced for cell‐growth. Increased expression of enzymes from this pathway has been shown to allow usage of L‐threonine as a sole carbon source in E. coli (Chan and Newman ). The second mutation that allows growth on L‐threonine as sole carbon source was observed upstream of gene kbl (–60 G>A) in the –35 element of the promoter.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection for novel metabolic capabilities inSalmonella enterica

et al. 2019

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Bacteria are known to display extensive metabolic diversity and many studies have shown that they can use an extensive repertoire of small molecules as carbon‐ and energy sources. However, it is less clear to what extent a bacterium can expand its existing metabolic capabilities by acquiring mutations that, for example, rewire its metabolic pathways. To investigate this capability and potential for evolution of novel phenotypes, we sampled large populations of mutagenized Salmonella enterica to select very rare mutants that can grow on minimal media containing 124 low molecular weight compounds as sole carbon sources. We found mutants growing on 18 of these novel carbon sources, and identified the causal mutations that allowed growth for four of them. Mutations that relieve physiological constraints or increase expression of existing pathways were found to be important contributors to the novel phenotypes. For the remaining 14 novel phenotypes, whole genome sequencing of independent mutants and genetic analysis suggested that these novel metabolic phenotypes result from a combination of multiple mutations. This work, by virtue of identifying the genetic and mechanistic basis for new metabolic capabilities, sheds light on the properties of adaptive landscapes underlying the evolution of novel phenotypes.

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Threonine as a carbon source for Escherichia coli

Abstract: 15. Wong, H. C., and T. G. Lessie. 1979. Hydroxy amino acid metabolism in Pseudomonas cepacia: role of Lseine deaminase in the dissimilation of seine, glycine, and threonine.

Cited by 21 publications

References 15 publications

Pathways and substrate‐specific regulation of amino acid degradation in Phaeobacter inhibens DSM 17395 (archetype of the marine Roseobacter clade)

Pathways and substrate‐specific regulation of amino acid degradation in Phaeobacter inhibens DSM 17395 (archetype of the marine Roseobacter clade)

Sympatric metabolic diversification of experimentally evolved Escherichia coli in a complex environment

Selection for novel metabolic capabilities inSalmonella enterica

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