Threshold temperatures for subjective heat stress in urban apartments—Analysing nocturnal bedroom temperatures during a heat wave in Germany

Beckmann, Sabrina Katharina; Hiete, Michael; Beck, Christoph

doi:10.1016/j.crm.2021.100286

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Definition of heat wave was 3 or more consecutive days with maximum outdoor temperatures of 30.0°C or more and a heat alarm from the German Meteorological Service, as described previously by Lindemann et al [17]. Urinary samples of the (nonheat wave) control visits were collected in 2015, 4–12 weeks after the heat waves from the same participants on days with indoor and outdoor temperatures not exceeding 26°C which can be regarded as an upper threshold of thermal comfort [18]. Mean (standard deviation, SD) actual outdoor and indoor temperatures at control visit were 18.9°C (4.5) and 23.1°C (2.5), respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender-Specific Differences of Renal Heat Tolerance in Older Adults during Heat Waves

et al. 2021

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Background: Heat waves are known to cause increased morbidity and mortality in susceptible populations like old and functionally impaired people. The objective of the study was to assess renal tubular stress, a predictor for development of acute kidney injury, during heat waves in Central Europe. As a marker of renal tubular stress tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2 [TIMP-2]·insulin-like growth factor binding protein-7 [IGFBP7], a new FDA-cleared renal tubular stress biomarker, was used. Materials and Methods: 68 residents from facilities of sheltered housing with urine samples collected at heat waves in 2015 and at control visits were included. Urinary [TIMP-2]·[IGFBP7] was compared between the heat waves and the control visits. Multivariate linear models were adjusted for age, frailty index, and functional comorbidity index. Results: The median age was 82.0 years, 82.3% were women. The percentage of elevated levels of urinary [TIMP-2]·[IGFBP7] (>0.3 [ng/mL]2/1,000) in the total study population was higher at the heat waves than at the control visits (25.0% vs. 17.7%). The effect of the heat waves on urinary [TIMP-2]·[IGFBP7] was stronger in men than in women: The percentage of elevated levels was 75.0% in men and 14.3% in women. In the multivariate analysis, the mean urinary [TIMP-2]·[IGFBP7] was 0.48 (95% CI 0.25; 0.70) (ng/mL)2/1,000 higher in men than in women. Except gender, a number of additional variables did not show an association with urinary [TIMP-2]·[IGFBP7] at the heat waves or the control visits. Conclusions: At heat waves, urinary [TIMP-2]·[IGFBP7] was elevated and higher in men than in women. This suggests gender-specific differences in renal heat tolerance in older people.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender-Specific Differences of Renal Heat Tolerance in Older Adults during Heat Waves

et al. 2021

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“…The metric of measurement must match that used to generate the empirical evidence underpinning the night-time temperature thresholds. In most laboratory experiments and field studies (e.g., Kim et al, 63 Ohnaka and Takeshita 64 and Beckmann et al), 65 the mean night-time operative temperature is the parameter of interest. This is also the metric used in the models of Lin and Deng 60 and Lan et al 48 To align with this evidence base, the night-time overheating criterion defined in this paper is therefore based on this metric.…”

Section: The Impact Of Heat On Sleep: a Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overheating criterion for bedrooms in temperate climates: Derivation and application

Lomas

2023

Building Services Engineering Research and Technology

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Adequate sleep is crucial to human health and well-being and elevated night-time temperatures can degrade sleep quality. European countries with temperate climates use temperature thresholds between 25°C and 28°C to identify homes that are overheated. The current UK bedroom threshold of 26°C, is based on one small study, which is now over 45 years old. An extensive literature review indicated that with modern summertime bedding and bedwear, which enables body coverage to be easily adjusted, thermal comfort can be achieved for night-time bedroom temperatures up to approximately 29°C. Temperatures measured in 591 bedrooms during England’s hottest ever summer, 2018, are re-analysed. The prevalences of night-time overheating generated by alternative criteria are compared with the prevalences generated by the established adaptive overheating criterion. Comparisons are made for homes with different dwelling and household characteristics. Finally, a new overheating criterion is proposed based on the mean night-time bedroom temperature, with thresholds between 26°C and 29°C depending on the application of the criterion. The allowable exceedance of the chosen threshold is limited to seven nights between May and September. Adopting thresholds of 27°C for vulnerable households and 28°C for others, 23% (5.5 million) of the main bedrooms in English homes were deemed to be overheated in the hot summer of 2018, far fewer than the 69% obtained using the current UK bedroom criterion. Irrespective of the threshold chosen, there were clear, consistent and significant differences in overheating prevalence depending on dwelling and household characteristics. The proposed new overheating criterion is applicable to unconditioned bedrooms in temperate regions. It seeks to strike a balance between the risk that hot bedrooms will be air-conditioned and the risk of temperatures detrimental to a “good nights’ sleep”. Practical Application A new overheating criterion is proposed to identify overheated bedrooms. It adopts the familiar format of a temperature threshold and an allowable exceedance. It is applicable in temperate climates when people are asleep in unconditioned bedrooms. The criterion is intended to aid the interpretation of night-time temperatures predicted by dynamic thermal models and temperature measurements in existing bedrooms. It is applicable to individuals of different heat sensitivity, the design of new homes or the refurbishment of existing homes. With further testing and refinement, it offers a credible replacement to the existing UK bedroom criterion given in CIBSE Guide A, TM59 and in other guides. It can thus underpin the new overheating regulations, Part O, for the design of new dwellings in England.

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“…As the temperature increased, productivity also improved annually. The threshold temperature's level is 33°C and 29°C (Beckmann et al, 2021). Crop productivity is projected to decline if temperatures rise above a certain threshold.…”

Section: Conclusion and Policy Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Climate Changes influence the Agriculture Productivity in Pakistan? Empirical Evidence from ARDL Technique

2022

Forman J. Econ. Stud

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Agriculture Productivity is an important measure of the agricultural performance in developing countries, which measures the quantity of output that can be produced from a given quantity of inputs. However, agriculture output is affected by the rainfall and temperature. In the literature on emerging economies, rainfall and temperature are found to have a significant impact on the agriculture productivity in different regions of the world. The goal of this study is to assess the impact of rainfall and temperature variations, as a result of climate change, on Pakistan’s agriculture output. Time series data from 1984 to 2019 is used to investigate this issue. An Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model with Bound Testing Cointegration and Error Correction Model (ECM) are used to analyze the relationship between the variables of interest. Unit Root tests were used to check the stationarity of time series data which revealed that some variables are stationary I (0) while others are integrated at level 1. The findings of the study show that temperature increase has a positive and significant impact on agriculture productivity, both in the short and long run. Moreover, rainfall has a negative and significant impact on agriculture productivity in the short and long-run. The stability tests have confirmed the stability of the econometric model.

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Threshold temperatures for subjective heat stress in urban apartments—Analysing nocturnal bedroom temperatures during a heat wave in Germany

Cited by 20 publications

References 54 publications

Gender-Specific Differences of Renal Heat Tolerance in Older Adults during Heat Waves

Gender-Specific Differences of Renal Heat Tolerance in Older Adults during Heat Waves

An overheating criterion for bedrooms in temperate climates: Derivation and application

Do Climate Changes influence the Agriculture Productivity in Pakistan? Empirical Evidence from ARDL Technique

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