Thresholds for detection and feeding behavior in the dungeness crab, Cancer magister (Dana)

Pearson, Walter H.; Sugarman, Peter C.; Woodruff, Dana L.; Olla, Bori L.

doi:10.1016/0022-0981(79)90005-4

Cited by 57 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The range of pre-EMF exposure flicking rate averaged between 5.6 to 40 flicks/min, which was consistent with the flicking rate of a resting Dungeness crab found in Pearson et al (1979;5 to 47 flicks/min). The mean pre-exposure flicking rate was 17 ± 3.6 flicks/min.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 54%

“…Initial tests were designed to assess whether crab could detect EMF fields by measuring a sensory receptor response, the antennular flicking rate before and during an acute EMF exposure. Similar to tests discussed above, these experiments were based on a previous body of work and protocols that examined antennular flicking rate in Dungeness crab as a quantitative measure of chemosensory acuity in the water column for food extracts (Pearson et al 1979), petroleum hydrocarbons (Pearson et al 1980(Pearson et al , 1981 and salinity (Sugarman et al 1983). The antennules are involved primarily in recognition of chemical signatures in the water column.…”

Section: Discussion Of Potential Emf Effects and Fy 2012 Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of Electromagnetic Fields on Fish and Invertebrates: Task 2.1.3: Effects on Aquatic Organisms - Fiscal Year 2011 Progress Report - Environmental Effects of Marine and Hydrokinetic Energy

Woodruff¹,

Schultz²,

Marshall³

et al. 2012

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This fiscal year (FY) 2011 progress report (Task 2.1.3 Effects on Aquatic Organisms, Subtask 2.3.1.1 Electromagnetic Fields) describes studies conducted by PNNL as part of the DOE Wind and Water Power Program to examine the potential effects of electromagnetic fields (EMF) from marine and hydrokinetic (MHK) devices on aquatic organisms, including freshwater and marine fish and marine invertebrates. In this report, we provide a description of the methods and preliminary results of experiments conducted in FY 2010-FY 2011 to evaluate potential responses of selected aquatic organisms.Preliminary EMF laboratory experiments during FY 2010 and 2011 entailed exposures with representative fish and invertebrate species including juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch), Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus), California halibut (Paralicthys californicus), rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), and Dungeness crab (Metacarcinus magister). These species were selected for their ecological, commercial, and/or recreational importance, as well as their potential to encounter an MHK device or transmission cable during part or all of their life cycle. EMF intensities during the various tests ranged between approximately 0.1 and 3 millitesla, representing a range of expected upper bounding conditions that might be encountered at a field location, according to values currently reported in the literature. Based on previous studies, acute effects such as mortality were not expected to occur from EMF exposures. Therefore, our measurement endpoints focused on developmental changes (i.e., growth and survival from egg or larval stage to juvenile), exposure markers indicative of physiological responses, or behavioral responses (e.g., detection of EMF, interference with feeding behavior, avoidance or attraction to EMF) for the various species. Data analysis is still in progress, however preliminary results to date have shown few statistically significant laboratory responses to elevated EMF intensities for the aquatic species and endpoints tested. Further testing and replication is needed to verify and expand on these results. Additional species are currently planned for laboratory testing in the next fiscal year (e.g. American lobster, an elasmobranch) to provide a broader assessment of species important to stakeholders.v Project OverviewEnergy generated from the world's oceans and rivers offers the potential to make substantial contributions to the domestic and global renewable energy supply. The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Wind and Water Power Program supports the emerging marine and hydrokinetic (MHK) energy industry. As major players in an emerging industry, MHK project developers face challenges with siting, permitting, construction, and operation of pilot-and commercial-scale facilities, as well as the need to develop robust technologies, secure financing, and gain public acceptance.In many cases, little is known about the potential effects of MHK energy gene...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussion Of Potential Emf Effects and Fy 2012 Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Electromagnetic Fields on Fish and Invertebrates: Task 2.1.3: Effects on Aquatic Organisms - Fiscal Year 2011 Progress Report - Environmental Effects of Marine and Hydrokinetic Energy

Woodruff¹,

Schultz²,

Marshall³

et al. 2012

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The thin shell of Nuttalia and its high ratio of tissue to shell size underscore its dependence upon refuges to minimize exposure to predators. Native crabs readily consume local hardshell venerid clams, e.g., Protothaca staminea and Tapes japonica (itself a nonnative species) (Pearson et al 1979(Pearson et al , 1981Boulding 1984;Juanes and Hartwick 1990), which live in similar habitats often contiguous to, or sometimes overlapping with, Nuttallia. These hardshell clams require up to 7-8 times the pressure to crack compared to a Nuttallia of equal tissue mass (J.E.…”

Section: Implications For Invasionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical habitat attribute mediates biotic resistance to non-indigenous species invasion

2002

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A soft-shelled non-indigenous clam, Nuttallia obscurata, has invaded coastal soft-sediment habitats of the northeastern Pacific. In a survey of 35 sites within the San Juan Islands, Washington, USA, Nuttallia was found almost exclusively in sandy substrates, higher in the intertidal than most native clams (>1 m above mean lower low water). The distinctive distribution of Nuttallia suggested that tidal height and sediment composition may be important physical factors that control its refuge availability, regulating its exposure to predation and ultimately the success of its invasion. I tethered Nuttallia for 24 h in the high intertidal where it is typically found and in the low intertidal at an elevation where it was never found. Clams restrained to the surface suffered high mortality from crab predation at both tidal heights, whereas control clams with unrestricted burrowing movement exhibited high mortality rates only in the low intertidal. In a second experiment, I transplanted sediment within and between the two intertidal heights to measure effects of tidal height and sediment type on survival and burial depth of Nuttallia. At both tidal heights all clams placed on mud-cobble substrate, naturally common in the low intertidal, suffered high mortality rates (>60% in 24 h). Nuttallia on loosely packed sand substrate, naturally found in the upper intertidal, survived much better, however, because they buried deeper than in the tightly packed mud. Caged control clams at both tidal heights suffered no mortality. Apparently native predators are mitigating community level impacts of an invader by excluding Nuttallia completely from some beaches with improper sediment characteristics or relegating it in others to a zone not often inhabited by native species, thereby reducing potential competitive interactions. These findings show that a physical habitat characteristic can mediate biotic resistance to an invader and thus control invasion success and community-level impacts. Generally, such physical-biological interactions may explain some of the reported site-to-site variability in invasion success, as well as the patchy distribution of many soft-sediment infaunal species.

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“…Shorebirds use tactile senses of their bill, which can be affected by microhabitat features limiting penetration into the sediment (Mouritsen and Jensen, 1992;Piersma et al, 1995). Crabs may be intermediate between shorebirds and rays in capabilities of detection of infaunal prey, in that they utilize a combination of highly sensitive chemo-senses for prey detection at a distance (Pearson et al, 1979;Zimmer-Faust et al, 1996) and chemo-tactile senses within the substrate, which are also affected by sediment features (Arnold, 1994;Lipcius and Hines, 1986;Spronaugle and Lawton, 1990;Eggleston et al, 1992;Skilleter, 1994). At the highest prey densities we measured in our study, the aggregative response of eagle rays did not appear to produce interference or facilitation that altered prey removal rates, but we do not know the interaction between predator and prey densities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear foraging response of a large marine predator to benthic prey: eagle ray pits and bivalves in a New Zealand sandflat

Hines

Whitlatch

Thrush

et al. 1997

Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology

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Thresholds for detection and feeding behavior in the dungeness crab, Cancer magister (Dana)

Cited by 57 publications

References 22 publications

Effects of Electromagnetic Fields on Fish and Invertebrates: Task 2.1.3: Effects on Aquatic Organisms - Fiscal Year 2011 Progress Report - Environmental Effects of Marine and Hydrokinetic Energy

Effects of Electromagnetic Fields on Fish and Invertebrates: Task 2.1.3: Effects on Aquatic Organisms - Fiscal Year 2011 Progress Report - Environmental Effects of Marine and Hydrokinetic Energy

Physical habitat attribute mediates biotic resistance to non-indigenous species invasion

Nonlinear foraging response of a large marine predator to benthic prey: eagle ray pits and bivalves in a New Zealand sandflat

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