Thrombin and TGF-β promote human leptomeningeal cell proliferation in vitro

Motohashi, Osamu; Suzuki, Michiyasu; Yanai, Nobuaki; Umezawa, Keitaro; Shida, Naoki; Yoshimoto, Takashi

doi:10.1016/0304-3940(95)11513-v

Cited by 32 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Many endogenous angiogenic cytokines and growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) [14], fibroblast growth factor (FGF) [2], platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) [7], and interleukin-1b [8] have been reported to be expressed in ischemic neuronal death. Such substances, especially FGF, PDGF, transforming growth factor-b (TGFb), epidermal growth factor (EGF), and thrombin, were demonstrated to promote leptomeningeal cell proliferation in culture [16]. The present observations on leptomeningeal cell proliferation 2-6 days after transient ischemia indicate that leptomeninges may be easily exposed to such cytokines and growth factors by circulation of the cerebrospinal fluid, since such substances are thought to be produced only around the hippocampal neuronal death region in this experimental model [11].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proliferation of Leptomeningeal Cells in Delayed Neuronal Death in Gerbils

Kataoka

Cui

Tamura

et al. 2004

Acta Histochem. Cytochem

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proliferation of Leptomeningeal Cells in Delayed Neuronal Death in Gerbils

Kataoka

Cui

Tamura

et al. 2004

Acta Histochem. Cytochem

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“…In a kaolin-induced sNPH model, the subarachnoid spaces were obstructed with the number of macrophages and severe fibrosis5556. Inflammation in CSF is known to be associated with arachnoid and pia matter fibrosis57, which might lead to the closure of subarachnoid spaces. The present findings serve as a foundation for further investigation into the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the development of iNPH and sNPH.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Choroidal fissure acts as an overflow device in cerebrospinal fluid drainage: morphological comparison between idiopathic and secondary normal-pressure hydrocephalus

Yamada

Ishikawa

Iwamuro

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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To clarify the pathogenesis of two different types of adult-onset normal-pressure hydrocephalus (NPH), we investigated cerebrospinal fluid distribution on the high-field three-dimensional MRI. The subarachnoid spaces in secondary NPH were smaller than those in the controls, whereas those in idiopathic NPH were of similar size to the controls. In idiopathic NPH, however, the basal cistern and Sylvian fissure were enlarged in concurrence with ventricular enlargement towards the z-direction, but the convexity subarachnoid space was severely diminished. In this article, we provide evidence that the key cause of the disproportionate cerebrospinal fluid distribution in idiopathic NPH is the compensatory direct CSF communication between the inferior horn of the lateral ventricles and the ambient cistern at the choroidal fissure. In contrast, all parts of the subarachnoid spaces were equally and severely decreased in secondary NPH. Blockage of CSF drainage from the subarachnoid spaces could cause the omnidirectional ventricular enlargement in secondary NPH.

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“…Once in the subarachnoid space, thrombin has characteristics that could result in cytokine formation, namely activating astrocytes and chemotactic for leukocytes [46]. Furthermore, thrombin promotes the proliferation of leptomeningeal cells in vitro [47]. Such proliferation of cells in the arachnoid membrane may inhibit the resorption of CSF [48].…”

Section: Hydrocephalus After Embolization Of Unruptured Aneurysmsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Cytokine and Growth Factor Concentration in Cerebrospinal Fluid from Patients with Hydrocephalus Following Endovascular Embolization of Unruptured Aneurysms in Comparison with Other Types of Hydrocephalus

et al. 2010

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To better understand the development of hydrocephalus of different origins, we evaluated cytokine and growth factor concentration in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with hydrocephalus. CSF was collected from patients developing hydrocephalus following hemorrhage (n = 15), patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus (n = 10), and following the embolization of unruptured intracranial aneurysms (n = 9). Myelography patients (n = 15) served as controls. Quantification of 11 molecules relating angiogenesis, inflammation, and wound healing in the CSF was performed using ELISA. All three hydrocephalus groups had decreased concentration of TIMP-4 compared to the normal group. The hemorrhage group showed increased concentration of IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 compared to the control group. The unruptured aneurysm group had increased concentration of IL-6 and decreased concentration of TIMP-2 compared to the control group. Compared to the normal patients, increased concentrations of wound healing molecules were evident in all three groups. Increased inflammation was evident in the hemorrhage and unruptured aneurysm groups.

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Thrombin and TGF-β promote human leptomeningeal cell proliferation in vitro

Cited by 32 publications

References 17 publications

Proliferation of Leptomeningeal Cells in Delayed Neuronal Death in Gerbils

Proliferation of Leptomeningeal Cells in Delayed Neuronal Death in Gerbils

Choroidal fissure acts as an overflow device in cerebrospinal fluid drainage: morphological comparison between idiopathic and secondary normal-pressure hydrocephalus

Cytokine and Growth Factor Concentration in Cerebrospinal Fluid from Patients with Hydrocephalus Following Endovascular Embolization of Unruptured Aneurysms in Comparison with Other Types of Hydrocephalus

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