Thrombomodulin and Thrombopoietin, Two Biomarkers of Hemostasis, Are Positively Associated with Adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research Recommendations for Cancer Prevention in a Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

A pro-coagulative state is related to increased risk of cardiovascular diseases but also certain cancers. Since experimental and smaller human studies suggest that diet, physical activity, and body weight may all affect coagulation, we evaluated associations between these lifestyle factors and hemostatic biomarkers in a population-based study. Cross-sectional baseline data from 2267 randomly selected participants of EPIC-Heidelberg (age range 35–65 years) was used. Fibrinogen, glycoprotein IIb/IIIa, P-selectin, thrombomodulin (TM), and thrombopoietin (TPO) were measured in baseline plasma samples. A score reflecting adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) recommendations for cancer prevention was created. Associations between the WCRF/AICR score as well as its individual components and hemostatic biomarkers were analyzed by linear regression models. Multivariable-adjusted geometric means (95% confidence intervals) of TM and TPO were higher with greater adherence to the WCRF/AICR recommendations (TM, lowest vs. highest score category: 2.90 (2.7,3.1) vs. 3.10 (2.9,3.3) ng/mL, plinear trend = 0.0001; TPO: 328 (302,356) vs. 348 (321,378) pg/mL, plinear trend = 0.0007). These associations were driven by lower alcohol and meat consumption among persons with higher WCRF/AICR scores. Our results indicate that lifestyle factors favorably affect TM and TPO, two hemostatic factors implicated in chronic disease development.

The combined healthy lifestyle score is a protective factor for cardiovascular disease: a representative national cohort study in Taiwan

“…A cross-sectional study reported that an increasing adherence to the WCRF/AICR recommendation decreased the incidence of metabolic syndrome, [47] whereas another study observed that it was associated with higher serum levels of thrombomodulin and thrombopoietin that might increase the CVD risk. [48] To our knowledge, this is the rst prospective cohort study reported the association between the WCRF/AICR lifestyle score and CVD risk although the analyses demonstrated nonsigni cant associations.…”

Comparison of four healthy lifestyle scores for predicting cardiovascular events in a national cohort study

“…Previous studies on the association between greater adherence to the WCRF/AICR lifestyle score and the CVD risk factors were limited and they yielded inconsistent findings. A cross-sectional study reported that an increasing adherence to the WCRF/AICR recommendation decreased the incidence of metabolic syndrome 50 , whereas another study observed that it was associated with higher serum levels of thrombomodulin and thrombopoietin that might increase the CVD risk 51 . To the best of our knowledge, this is the first prospective cohort study that reported the association between the WCRF/AICR lifestyle score and CVD risk, although the analyses demonstrated nonsignificant associations.…”

SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Cardioncology: From Cardiometabolic Risk Factors to Outcomes in Cancer Patients

“…A recent meta-analysis of observational studies demonstrated that the adherence to WCRF/AICR recommendations reduced risks of cancer incidence and mortality in breast, lung, upper aerodigestive tract, stomach, prostate, and colorectal cancers [ 151 , 152 , 153 ], and they also improved hemostatic factors implicated in chronic disease development [ 154 ]. A special note on fiber intake and mortality should be made: there is an inverse association between fiber intake from foods and risk of death for respiratory diseases, infection, and cardiovascular diseases [ 155 ].…”