Thrombosis Associated with Protein S Deficiency: A Case Report and Literature Review

Abstract

We have reported a rare case of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of both legs due to protein S (PS) deficiency in a 28-year-old female. She was admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) on the basis of lower limb swelling due to thrombosis as confirmed by Doppler ultrasonography. Immunoassay by ELISA demonstrated markedly reduced total PS levels in her serum, which is likely due to a defect in the PROS1 gene. The patient was successfully treated with heparin and warfarin. This case adds to the growing evidence that PS deficiency is one of the rare cause of DVT, and also raises awareness about prophylactic treatment especially in those with PROS1 gene abnormalities or other risk factors.