Thrombosis of umbilical vein varix

Viora, E.; Sciarrone, Andrea; Bastonero, S.; Errante, G.; Campogrande, M

doi:10.1046/j.0960-7692.2001.00617.x

Cited by 29 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Other less common risk factors such as oligohydramnios [1,29,35,[90][91][92][93][94], fetal distress [9,11,28,35,37,41,44,49,53,69,90,[95][96] and decreased fetal movement [9,37,41,42,68,96], were also associated with neonatal thrombosis. When oligohydramnios is present, decreased fetal movement may cause venous stasis and thrombus formation, which results in fetal distress and/or meconium staining.…”

Section: Maternal Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous neonatal arterial thromboembolism

Rashish

Paes²,

Nagel³

et al. 2013

Blood Coagulation &Amp; Fibrinolysis

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Neonatal spontaneous arterial thromboembolism is a rare phenomenon with a high risk of morbidity and mortality. Currently, there is little information regarding common risk factors, diagnostic strategies, therapeutic interventions, and outcomes of this condition. The objective was to nucleate the best evidence regarding the disorder in order to facilitate early detection and treatment recommendations and document adverse outcomes. Web of Science, PubMed, Medline, CINAHL, Cochrane Databases, DARE, and OVID databases were searched using the following keywords: 'arterial' AND 'thrombus' OR 'thrombosis' OR 'thromboembolism' OR 'embolism' AND 'spontaneous' AND 'at birth' OR 'newborn' OR 'neonatal' OR 'fetal' AND 'umbilical cord' OR 'umbilical wall necrosis' AND 'coagulation abnormality' OR 'placenta bits' OR 'ischemic limbs'. The search yielded 172 articles, all of which were case series or single case descriptions. Twenty-seven met inclusion criteria, with a total of 53 newborns and 30 newborn pathology reports. Ultrasound was the preferred method of diagnosis and thromboembolic locations varied with the most common site being umbilical, resulting in embolism and vascular compromise. Treatment interventions and drug dosages were not standardized and ranged from use of anticoagulants to surgery and hyperbaric oxygen. The reported mortality rate was 32.8%. Recurring etiological features facilitated identification of possible sequences of events contributing to the disorder. The literature lacks empirical evidence to affirm causes and predisposing risk factors for timely diagnosis and effective treatment of spontaneous neonatal arterial thromboembolism. Further research is needed to clearly establish the causes and the efficacy of specific treatment options.

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Section: Maternal Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous neonatal arterial thromboembolism

Rashish

Paes²,

Nagel³

et al. 2013

Blood Coagulation &Amp; Fibrinolysis

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“…Twentyfive pregnancies ended in liveborn infants, and there was unexplained intrauterine death in the fetus with IUGR affected by varix of the umbilical vein. In 1 fetus (case 11, see table 2) thrombosis of the varix of the umbilical vein was observed, so a cesarean delivery was performed the day after [9]. No neonatal mortality at 1 month was observed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Anomalies of the Fetal Venous System: A Report of 26 Cases and Review of the Literature

Viora

Sciarrone²,

Bastonero³

et al. 2004

Fetal Diagn Ther

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Objective: To evaluate sonographic appearance, natural history, and neonatal outcome of fetal venous anomalies. Methods: We performed an observational study, including all fetuses affected by abnormalities of the venous system diagnosed by ultrasound during the prenatal period. Results: 26 fetuses were identified. Other malformations were present in 5 cases (19.2%), 1 fetus had trisomy 21, and 1 fetus had intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). Twenty-five pregnancies ended in liveborn infants, and there was 1 case of unexplained intrauterine death in the fetus with IUGR affected by varix of the umbilical vein. Conclusions: Fetal venous anomalies are very rare and may be associated with fetal malformations or IUGR. Conservative management appears to be an adequate medical practice in the absence of other fetal problems, but in the presence of a varix of the umbilical vein, serial follow-up scans are needed to exclude the onset of hydrops or thrombosis of the varix.

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“…On the contrary, the early detection of a large dilatation is associated with a poor outcome [4,6,9] . The cause of fetal death, especially in cases where the dilatation is an isolated finding, is hypothesized to be thrombosis of the UV and has been confirmed in two reports [5,11] . The other potential mechanism is fetal cardiac failure that sometimes is associated with fetal anemia [7] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Intraabdominal Umbilical Vein Dilatation and Term Delivery

Mantas¹,

Sifakis²,

Koukoura³

et al. 2007

Fetal Diagn Ther

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Dilatation of the fetal umbilical vein is a rare, most commonly isolated finding. Approximately 100 cases have been reported in the literature that describe different management approaches, especially regarding the time of delivery. We present a new case of umbilical vein dilatation diagnosed at 23 weeks’ gestation as an isolated sonographic finding, in a fetus with short umbilical cord, delivered at 38 weeks’ gestation. The clinical and sonographic features as well as the management options of this uncommon condition are shortly discussed.

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Thrombosis of umbilical vein varix

Cited by 29 publications

References 9 publications

Spontaneous neonatal arterial thromboembolism

Spontaneous neonatal arterial thromboembolism

Anomalies of the Fetal Venous System: A Report of 26 Cases and Review of the Literature

Intraabdominal Umbilical Vein Dilatation and Term Delivery

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