Throughput and Energy Efficiency of a Cooperative Hybrid ARQ Protocol for Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks

Shitiri

2016

Sensors

Self Cite

In this paper, we obtained the optimized network allocation vector (NAV) for underwater handshaking-based protocols, as inefficient determination of the NAV leads to unnecessarily long silent periods. We propose a scheme which determines the NAV by taking into account all possible propagation delays: propagation delay between a source and a destination; propagation delay between a source and the neighbors; and propagation delay between a destination and the neighbors. Such an approach effectively allows the NAV to be determined precisely equal to duration of a busy channel, and the silent period can be set commensurate to that duration. This allows for improvements in the performance of handshaking-based protocols, such as the carrier sense multiple access/collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) protocol, in terms of throughput and fairness. To evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme, performance comparisons were carried out through simulations with prior NAV setting methods. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme outperforms the other schemes in terms of throughput and fairness.

Section: Performance Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Network Allocation Vector (NAV) Optimization for Underwater Handshaking-Based Protocols

Shitiri

2016

Sensors

Self Cite

“…In addition, the main idea of Cooperative Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest (C-HARQ) protocol for UW-ASNs in [15] is to retransmit the erroneous part instead of entire packet to reduce the delay from the cooperative node, which essentially merges Cooperative ARQ (C-ARQ) with a Hybrid ARQ (HARQ) technique. Yet it does not concern the DCC protocol or S-DCC protocol.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Dynamic Coded Cooperative Communications for Multi-Hop Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks

et al. 2019

Due to the limitation of acoustic velocity in underwater environments, propagation delay is a horrible problem in multi-hop underwater acoustic sensor networks (UW-ASNs). In this paper, we proposed an improved scheme of dynamic coded cooperation called selective dynamic coded cooperation (S-DCC) for the multi-hop UW-ASNs, aiming at reducing the end-to-end delay and improving the transmission efficiency. In S-DCC scheme, the cooperative node actively transmits blocks with limited redundancy; yet the receiver only selectively receives those cooperative blocks depending on its own decoding conditions. The S-DCC scheme can utilize the retransmission mechanism adequately to eliminate the waiting time and drastically shorten the overall transmission time, the gain of which increases linearly with the number of hops. Concerning the transmission delay and energy consumption, we evaluated the performances with the different maximum number of retransmissions and different data burst sizes for the proposed S-DCC scheme and other compared schemes. The simulation results showed that the proposed S-DCC scheme could achieve decent outage performance and reduce the end-to-end delay effectively without extra energy consumption compared with other existing schemes, especially for the cases with low transmission signal to noise ratio. Sea test data were also adopted to further verify the conclusions. INDEX TERMS Energy consumption, multi-hop networks, end-to-end delay, underwater acoustic communications.

“…The abundant resources in oceans motivate the increasing exploration activities towards the underwater environment. In addition, underwater acoustic sensor networks (UASNs) are increasingly attracting interest due to their wide applications such as environment monitoring, resource investigation, oceanography data collection, pollution monitoring and tactical surveillance [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]. All of these applications highly require reliable data transport techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The nodes in NCIA overhear implicit ACK packets from the whole network if they are in range but data are sent by packets and they still need one feedback packet for each successfully received packet and thus have a significant end-to-end delay. In [ 3 ], the author proposes a cooperative hybrid ARQ (CHARQ) protocol that combines cooperative ARQ with incremental redundancy-hybrid ARQ. This protocol utilizes multiple relays to increase the system throughput, but it is still inefficient as the relay sets often do not obtain enough packets from the sender in the high packet error rate channel and many reduplicative check packets are sent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Network Coding Based Hybrid ARQ Protocol for Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks

Wang

Er-yang

et al. 2016

Sensors

Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks (UASNs) have attracted increasing interest in recent years due to their extensive commercial and military applications. However, the harsh underwater channel causes many challenges for the design of reliable underwater data transport protocol. In this paper, we propose an energy efficient data transport protocol based on network coding and hybrid automatic repeat request (NCHARQ) to ensure reliability, efficiency and availability in UASNs. Moreover, an adaptive window length estimation algorithm is designed to optimize the throughput and energy consumption tradeoff. The algorithm can adaptively change the code rate and can be insensitive to the environment change. Extensive simulations and analysis show that NCHARQ significantly reduces energy consumption with short end-to-end delay.