Throughput optimized a-Si/μc-Si tandem solar cells on sputter-etched ZnO substrates

Klein, Susanne; Rohde, M.; Buschbaum, S.; Severin, D.

doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2011.10.029

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…It should be noted that some fabricated modules show the tendency that lower stabilized P max results from the outdoor exposure test despite higher initial P max . Therefore, the optimum thickness of the a‐Si:H absorber that governs the production throughput must be determined via the long‐term outdoor exposure test. It is also desirable that any sensitive production process for the initial performance of thin‐film Si PV modules such as deposition conditions for the i‐a‐Si:H absorber, buffer layer at an interface, and intermediate reflector should be designed based on the results of the long‐term outdoor exposure test.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inferior outdoor‐exposed performances of encapsulated a‐Si:H photovoltaic modules deposited with a high speed

Myong¹,

Park²,

Kwon³

2013

Energy Science & Engineering

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We investigate the stabilized performance of encapsulated hydrogenated amorphous silicon photovoltaic modules depending on the deposition speed. The module products are degraded differently depending on the light-soaking environment. The modules deposited at a high speed demonstrate significant degradation in an outdoor exposure test, despite moderate degradation during indoor light soaking. However, the modules deposited at a low speed show a relatively more stable performance against the outdoor exposure test. Notably, some modules show the trend that a higher initial performance stimulates a higher light-induced degradation, leading to a lower performance in the outdoor environment.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inferior outdoor‐exposed performances of encapsulated a‐Si:H photovoltaic modules deposited with a high speed

Myong¹,

Park²,

Kwon³

2013

Energy Science & Engineering

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“…The doping is usually done with aluminium (AZO). The development of high rate sputtering processes [9,10] was commercialised by Applied Materials [11,12]. For light trapping, the flat films were treated in a wet chemical etching process using HCl, craters are etched into the AZO film.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thin film zinc oxide deposited by CVD and PVD

Hamelmann

2016

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Abstract. Zinc oxide is known as a mineral since 1810, but it came to scientific interest after its optoelectronic properties found to be tuneable by p-type doping. Since the late 1980's the number of publications increased exponentially. All thin film deposition technologies, including sol-gel and spray pyrolysis, are able to produce ZnO films. However, for outstanding properties and specific doping, only chemical vapor deposition and physical vapor deposition have shown so far satisfying results in terms of high conductivity and high transparency. In this paper the different possibilities for doping will be discussed, some important applications of doped ZnO thin films will be presented. The deposition technologies used for industrial applications are shown in this paper. Especially sputtering of aluminium doped Zinc Oxide (ZnO:Al or AZO) and LPCVD of boron doped Zinc Oxide (ZnO:B or BZO) are used for the commercial production of transparent conductive oxide films on glass used for thin film photovoltaic cells. For this special application the typical process development for large area deposition is presented, with the important trade-off between optical properties (transparency and ability for light scattering) and electrical properties (conductivity). Also, the long term stability of doped ZnO films is important for applications, humidity in the ambient is often the reason for degradation of the films. The differences between the mentioned materials are presented.

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“…Rather than having reflective, tinted or fritted windows to reduce solar transmission, semi-transparent photovoltaic windows may be used to reduce solar heat gains and generate solar electricity (Bahaj et al, 2008;James et al, 2009;Qiu et al, 2009), while still provide adequate daylighting and view to the outdoors (Vartiainen, 2001). The term Semi-Transparent Photovoltaic (STPV) is used here to cover a broad range of PV technologies, from Sibased cells (arranged in such a way as to allow light to pass through the resulting space between the opaque cells) (Baum, 2011) to "see-through" thin films (Lynn et al, 2012), such as a-Si/lc-Si (Klein et al, 2012;Sai et al, 2014), organic PV (Krebs, 2009;Li et al, 2012) and perovskites (Eperon et al, 2014;Snaith, 2013). As STPV technologies are penetrating the building industry, they are expected to play a key role in on-site electricity generation of new and retrofitted high-performance commercial and institutional buildings; on-site electricity generation can partly offset daily electricity consumption, eliminate grid transmission losses and potentially contribute to grid "peak demand shaving", resulting in reduced need for peakcapacity power plants (Athienitis and O'Brien, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of the potential benefits of semi-transparent photovoltaics in commercial buildings

Kapsis

Athienitis

2015

Solar Energy

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Throughput optimized a-Si/μc-Si tandem solar cells on sputter-etched ZnO substrates

Cited by 17 publications

References 9 publications

Inferior outdoor‐exposed performances of encapsulated a‐Si:H photovoltaic modules deposited with a high speed

Inferior outdoor‐exposed performances of encapsulated a‐Si:H photovoltaic modules deposited with a high speed

Thin film zinc oxide deposited by CVD and PVD

A study of the potential benefits of semi-transparent photovoltaics in commercial buildings

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