Throwing power and service life of galvanic cathodic protection with embedded discrete anodes for steel reinforcement in chloride contaminated concrete

Belleghem, Bjorn Van; Maes, Mathias; Soetens, Tim

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.125187

Cited by 13 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Each mix contains the same aggregate proportions, a cement content of 320 kg/m³ and a water to cement ratio of 0.5. The exact mix composition can be found in [7]. The mixes differ either by the type of cement or the chloride concentration in the mix.…”

Section: Reinforced Concrete Specimensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the measurements, the depolarization of the steel reinforcement in function of the distance to the galvanic anode is determined, thus allowing to calculated the throwing power of the system. The throwing power is defined as the distance from the anode where 100 mV depolarization is achieved within 24 hours [7,8], according to the 100 mV depolarization criterium described in the European standard EN ISO 12696:2016 [10].…”

Section: • Instantly After Disconnection Of the Anode =mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…the radius around the anode in which a sufficient current density is supplied to the steel reinforcement to achieve a complete corrosion protection). The throwing power of CP system with discrete galvanic anodes is influenced by a number of factors, such as density of the steel reinforcement, resistance of the concrete and corrosion activity of the steel [7,8]. The last two parameters are also depending on the chloride contamination of the concrete and the relative humidity and temperature in the concrete (and the environment) [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Current distribution and throwing power of galvanic cathodic protection with discrete anodes in reinforced concrete beam or column elements

2022

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Galvanic cathodic protection (GCP) of steel in concrete by means embedded discrete anodes is a commonly used repair method to reduce or prevent steel reinforcement corrosion. The design and efficiency of the system depends greatly on the corrosion activity of the steel reinforcement and electrical resistivity of the concrete. In this research, the influence of chloride concentration and cement type in the concrete on the current distribution and throwing power of GCP with discrete anodes is investigated for linear concrete elements such as beams or columns. Results show a high throwing power (> 500 mm) of the GCP system for concrete with a CEM I cement (low resistivity) and limited chloride contamination. For concrete with a severe contamination of chlorides (2 m% by mass of cement) or high electrical resistivity (e.g. by the use of CEM III/A cement), the throwing power is greatly reduced to values of 60 mm and 110 mm, respectively. Consequently, based on the 100 mV depolarization criterium (EN ISO 12696:2016), GCP with discrete anodes was found to be most efficient for concrete with relatively low resistivity and limited corrosion activity of the steel reinforcement (related to chloride concentration in the concrete).

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Section: Reinforced Concrete Specimensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: • Instantly After Disconnection Of the Anode =mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Current distribution and throwing power of galvanic cathodic protection with discrete anodes in reinforced concrete beam or column elements

2022

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“…Predictions using computer and theoretical models [2,7] show that current requirements can increase several times over in order to provide the same level of polarization for a corroding bar in contrast to a passive bar. The throwing power is shown to be significantly affected by corrosion rates in galvanic CP, with a higher corrosion rate resulting in a lower throwing power [3,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of corrosion rates on polarization and current distribution of ICCP in concrete

Bhuiyan

Law

2022

MATEC Web Conf.

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Corrosion rate is known to be a factor affecting the distribution of current in cathodic protection (CP) applications. This paper demonstrates the effect of different corrosion rates of embedded steel in concrete on the polarization and distribution of current during CP application. A concrete specimen was cast with separate steel bars at a fixed distance from a centralised anode. The bars are embedded in sections containing different admixed chloride concentrations to create varying corrosion rates. The specimen was conditioned to allow development of corrosion followed by application of short-term CP at a constant current of 20mA/m2. The magnitude of current flowing to each section was logged along with corresponding potential shifts. Trends were then correlated to the corrosion rates together with circuit resistance. Circuit resistance was shown to predominantly control current distribution whereas corrosion rates had a significant influence on polarization.

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“…The principle of the sacrificial anode system is the electrical coupling of reinforcement to a sacrificial anode. It has been reported that both the sacrificial anode cathodic protection system and the impressed current cathodic protection system are appropriate repair options that can be used in the right circumstances [1,15]. The cathodic protection was also used to combine with the structural strengthening; combined impressed current cathodic protection-structural strengthening (ICCP-SS) [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective Use of Sacrificial Zinc Anode as a Suitable Repair Method for Severely Damaged RC Members Due to Chloride Attack

Astuti

Rafdinal²,

Yamamoto

et al. 2022

Civ Eng J

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In many cases, the repair strategy by using sacrificial anodes for cathodic protection in real RC structures requires additional zinc anodes after several years due to the decreasing protective area. This experimental study evaluates the effectiveness of time lag application of sacrificial anode cathodic protection applied to RC beam specimens that deteriorated severely due to chloride attack. In the experiment, sacrificial anodes and cathodic protection (SACP) were applied to 41-year-old RC beam specimens exposed to natural marine environments in which the embedded steel bars were significantly corroded. The repair work was performed in three stages. Instant-off and rest potential tests of steel bars were conducted periodically to demonstrate the time-dependent depolarization value. In the first stage, a polymer-modified mortar as a patch repair material was cast to replace the concrete in the middle tensile part with small sacrificial anodes embedded in the mortar. After the protective current reaches an equilibrium state, the sacrificial anodes are disconnected from the steel bars for a year, defined as the second stage. During the one year in the second stage, the steel bar in the patch repair area remained passive, without any sign of corrosion. As for the third stage, additional sacrificial anodes were installed in the existing concrete part to protect the steel in it. From one year of observation after applying sacrificial anodes to old concrete parts, the time lag SACP application of both in patch and non-patch repair parts was clarified to be effective in stopping the corrosion of steel bar in both parts until 20–30 years based on the service life prediction. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-07-015 Full Text: PDF

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Throwing power and service life of galvanic cathodic protection with embedded discrete anodes for steel reinforcement in chloride contaminated concrete

Cited by 13 publications

References 31 publications

Current distribution and throwing power of galvanic cathodic protection with discrete anodes in reinforced concrete beam or column elements

Current distribution and throwing power of galvanic cathodic protection with discrete anodes in reinforced concrete beam or column elements

Influence of corrosion rates on polarization and current distribution of ICCP in concrete

Effective Use of Sacrificial Zinc Anode as a Suitable Repair Method for Severely Damaged RC Members Due to Chloride Attack

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